Anatomy 3 Blandat - Repetition + Lite Nytt V2

Front 1

Another name for epicardium?

Back 1

,visceral layer of serous pericadium

Front 2

What veins drain into the coronary sinus?

Back 2

- great cardiac vein
- oblique vein of the left atrium
- posterior vein of the left ventricle

- middle cardiac vein
- small cardiac veins

Front 3

What ”other/small” veins drain into the right atrium?

Back 3

- coronary sinus
- anterior cardiac vein
- smallest cardiac veins

Front 4

What vessels can you find in posterior interventricular sulcus?

Back 4

posterior interventricular branch of right coronary a.
middle cardiac v.

Front 5

What vessels can you find in anterior interventricular sulcus?

Back 5

anterior interventricular branch of left coronary a.

great cardiac v.

Front 6

First and second heart sounds formed by closures of what structures?

Back 6

- First sound (”lub”) : tricuspid valves, mitral valves
- Second sound (”dub”) : aortic valves,pulmonary valves

Front 7

Name cusps of aortic valve!

Back 7

- right semilunar cusp
- left semilunar cusp
- posterior semilunar cusp

Front 8

Name cusps of pulmonary valve!

Back 8

- anterior semilunar cusp
- right semilunar cusp
- left semilunar cusp

Front 9

Name cusps of tricuspid valve!

Back 9

- anterior cusp
- posterior cusp
- septal cusp

Front 10

Name cusps of mitral valve!

Back 10

- anterior cusp
- posterior cusp

Front 11

Embryologic division of right atrium?,

Back 11

atrium proper,venous sinus

Front 12

Relation of Atrium proper and venus sinus according to crista terminalis

Back 12

atrium proper is anteriorly
venous sinus is posteriorly

Front 13

Lesion of phrenic nerve may not produce complete paralysis of the corresponding half of the diaphragm. Why not?,

Back 13

Because of accessory phrenic nerve (C5) that usually joins the phrenic nerve.

Front 14

valve of inferior vena cava

Back 14

Eustachian valve

Front 15

valve of coronary sinus

Back 15

Thebesian valve

Front 16

The crux is the

Back 16

The crux cordis or crux of the heart is the area on the lower back side of the heart where the coronary sulcus (the groove separating the atria from the ventricles) and the posterior interventricular sulcus (the groove separating the left from the right ventricle) meet.

Front 17

atrium proper location

Back 17

anterior to crista terminalis

Front 18

venous sinus location

Back 18

posterior to crista terminalis

Front 19

atrium proper walls are

Back 19

rough (pectinate mm.)

Front 20

Venous sinus walls are

Back 20

smooth

Front 21

heart skeleton and the heart conducting system is within which layer?

Back 21

the intermediate layer – myocardium

Front 22

3 major openings of right atrium - which have vales

Back 22

Opening of ICV and coronary sinus has valves, opening of SVC has not

Front 23

Anterior Orientation Lines:(Medial to lateral)

Back 23

midsternal - sternal - parasternal - midclavicular

Front 24

Posterior Orientation Lines:(Medial to lateral)

Back 24

midvertebral - paravertebral - scapular

Front 25

The tracheal bifurcation?

Back 25

is the point at which the trachea divides into the two main or principal bronchi. It is at the level of the sternal angle

Front 26

surfaces of Lungs:

Back 26

costal surface,mediastinal surface (cardiac impression),diaphragmatic surface

Front 27

Whats located at right lungs Mediastinal surface

Back 27

Right atrium, Superior vena cava, Azygos vein, Inferior vena cava, Esophageus

Front 28

Whats located at left lungs Mediastinal surface

Back 28

Left atrium and left ventricle, Aortic arch,Thoracic aorta,Left subclavian a.

Front 29

Transverse pericardial sinus borders?

Back 29

a passage between the superior and posterior reflections of the serous pericardium.

The transverse pericardial sinus lies anterior to the superior vena cava and posterior to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk.

Front 30

Pericardium is attached by?

Back 30

two ligaments and one membrane:
sternopericardial ligament (to sternum),
pericardiacophrenic ligament (to diaphragm) and bronchopericardial membrane (to lungs)

Front 31

Nerves of Superior mediastinum:

Back 31

a) Vagus nn,
b) cardiac branches of vagus nn. and cardiac nn.,
c) Superficial part of cardiac plexus,
d) Left recurrent laryngeal n,
e) Phrenic nn

Front 32

4 surfaces of heart

Back 32

Sternocostal formed by the RV,
right pulmonary formed by RA,
left pulmonary formed by LV. (Cardiac silhouette,)
diaphragmatic (inferior) LV and partly RV, related to the central tendon of diaphragm

Front 33

Tributaries of Coronary sinus

Back 33

"Great men say plant oasis"
great cardiac vein
middle cardiac vein,
small cardiac vein
posterior vein of left ventricle
oblique vein of left atrium

Front 34

”a conical pouch” formed from the upper and left angle of the right ventricle from which the pulmonary trunk arises - name?

Back 34

conus arteriosus

Front 35

Right fibrous trigone location?

Back 35

Between Mitral and tricuspid valve

Front 36

Left fibrous trigone location?

Back 36

Between Mitral valve and aortic valve

Front 37

lumbar cistern location and contents

Back 37

L2-S2, contains CSF

Front 38

Accessory hemiazygos vein is formed by union of what structures?

Back 38

5th-8th posterior intercostal v.

Front 39

cervical vertebrae have ”edges” on the sides of body name?

Back 39

uncinate process of vertebra

Front 40

Example of Synchondroses joints (cartilagineous joints)

Back 40

23-24 intervertebral disks (symphyses): anulus fibrosus + nucleus pulposus

Front 41

Ligaments of Syndesmoses joints (fibrous joints)

Back 41

Anterior + Posterior longitudinal ligament
Ligamenta flava, interspinous, supraspinous, intertransverse ligament

Front 42

synostoses are?

Back 42

bony joints

Front 43

Examples of diarthroses (synovial joints)

Back 43

Zygapophysial joints, Lumbosacral joint, Sacrococcygeal joint, Atlanto-occipital joint

Front 44

lumbosacral enlargement location

Back 44

T11-S1

Front 45

cervical enlargement location

Back 45

C4-T1

Front 46

infererior tapering end of spinal cord?

Back 46

conus medullaris, end at L1/L2

Front 47

What is the horse tail

Back 47

cauda equina,
bundle of nerv going down from enlargement + filim terminale internum

Front 48

anterior intercostal artery comes from?

Back 48

1-6 = internal thoracic a,
7-9 = musculophernic a

Front 49

Sternum Body articulates with what costal cartilages?

Back 49

2nd – 7th

Front 50

intercostal nerve comes from

Back 50

From anterior rami of T1-T11

Front 51

Subcostal n comes from

Back 51

T12

Front 52

First posterior intercostal vein (right and left) drain into what?

Back 52

brachiocephalic veins

Front 53

Accessory hemiazygos vein is formed by union of what structures?

Back 53

5th-8th posterior intercostal v.

Front 54

Azygos vein is formed by union of what structures?

Back 54

right subcostal v. + right ascending lumbar v.

Front 55

Left 2th 3rd and 4th posterior intercostal veins drain into what?

Back 55

left superior intercostal vein -> brachiocephalic vein

Front 56

Right 2th 3rd and 4th posterior intercostal veins drain into what?,

Back 56

right superior intercostal vein -> azygos vein

Front 57

left 5th-11th posterior intercostal veins drain into what?

Back 57

5-8 -> accessory hemiazygos vein,
9-11 -> hemiazygos vein

Front 58

What structures give rise to anterior intercostal areteries?

Back 58

1st-6th intercostal space -> internal thoracic a.,
7th-9th intercostal space -> musculophrenic a.

Front 59

Breast location

Back 59

between 2nd and 6th rib

Front 60

Breast components:

Back 60

-mammary glands
-mainly adipose tissue
-suspensory ligaments
-skin

Front 61

It is a nonfunctional vestige of the ductus arteriosus, and is formed within three weeks of birth.
name?

Back 61

Ligamentum arteriosum

Front 62

THIS separates the conus arteriosus from the rest of the cavity of the right ventricle.. It is located on the internal wall of the right ventricle.

Back 62

supraventricular crest

Front 63

septum of the heart between the right atrium (RA) and the left ventricle (LV).

Back 63

Atrioventricular septum

in practice the divisions from RA to RV and from LA to LV are mediated by valves, not by septa. Also, there is usually no communication between the LA and the RV

Front 64

septum that separates the right and left atria of the heart?

Back 64

interatrial septum

Front 65

Lowest valve?

Back 65

Tricuspid valve

Front 66

Highest valve?

Back 66

Pulmonary valve

Front 67

Heart auscultation - Pulmonary valve (to pulmonary trunk)

Back 67

left second intercostal space

Front 68

Heart auscultation - Aortic valve (to aorta)

Back 68

right second intercostal space

Front 69

Heart auscultation - Mitral valve (to left ventricle)

Back 69

left fifth intercostal space (lateral)

Front 70

Heart auscultation - Tricuspid valve (to right ventricle)

Back 70

right fifth intercostal space (close to sternum)

Front 71

Posterior Mediastinum Contains

Back 71

the esophagus, thoracic aorta, azygos and hemiazygos veins, thoracic duct,
vagus nerves, sympathetic trunk, and splanchnic nerves.

Front 72

Middle Mediastinum Contains

Back 72

Contains the heart, pericardium, phrenicnerves
,roots of the great vessels (aorta, pulmonary arteries and veins, and vena cavae),
arch of the azygos vein, and main bronchi.

Front 73

Anterior Mediastinum Contains

Back 73

Contains the remnants of the thymus gland, lymph nodes, fat, and connective tissue.

Front 74

Superior mediastinum contains?(ant to post),

Back 74

Thymus (or its remnant),
Veins (Superior part of SVC and its tributaries),
Nerves,
Arteries,
Trachea,
Esophagus,
Lymph (Thoracic duct)

Front 75

The mediastinum has which parts?

Back 75

the superior mediastinum and inferior mediastinum, which divides into the anterior, middle, and posterior mediastina.

Front 76

The trachea begins at the

Back 76

inferior border of the cricoid cartilage (C6)

Front 77

The trachea has some rings?

Back 77

16 to 20 incomplete hyaline cartilaginous rings

Front 78

Boundaries of Mediastinum are:

Back 78

Posteriorly: thoracic spine
Anteriorly: sternum and costal cartilages
Laterally: mediastinal pleura
Superiorly: thoracic inlet
Inferiorly: diaphragm

Front 79

Superior mediastinum borders:

Back 79

anteriorly: the sternum
posteriorly: the upper thoracic vertebra
superiorly: thoracic inlet
laterally: apices of the lungs
inferiorly: Oblique plan from sternal angle to T4/T5

Front 80

Anterior Mediastinum borders

Back 80

Anteriorly by the sternum,
laterally by the pleura
Posteriorly by the pericardium.

Front 81

Posterior Mediastinum borders

Back 81

(Runs parallel with the vertebral column)
Anteriorly
by the pericardium above
by the posterior surface of the diaphragm below

Posteriorly
by the vertebral column from the lower border of the fourth to the twelfth thoracic vertebra

Laterally
by the mediastinal pleura

Front 82

Another name for: valve of inferior vena cava

Back 82

Eustachian valve

Front 83

Another name for: valve of coronary sinus

Back 83

Thebesian valve

Front 84

The root of the lung and the bifurcation the the trace are firmly connected to the posterior wall of the pericardium by means of strong fiber band called?

Back 84

bronchopericardial membrane

The fibers radiate across the wall of the inferior vena cave into the posterior border of the tenidnous center of the diaphragm.
Toghter they from a central connective tissue

Front 85

The ligament that fuse the central tendon of diaphragm with the inferior surface of the fibrous pericardium.
Name?

Back 85

pericardiacophrenic ligament

Front 86

Ligaments that attach the fibrous pericardium to the posterior surface of the sternum and help to retain the heart in its position in the thoracic cavity.
Name?

Back 86

sternopericardial ligaments

Front 87

Which part of the heart conducting system prices which structure?

Back 87

Bundle of HIs prices right fibrous trigone

Front 88

Which branches of aorta is within the middle mediastainum

Back 88

Coronary a.

Front 89

Sa node stands for?

Back 89

sinoatrial node

Front 90

AV node stands for?

Back 90

Atrioventricular node

Front 91

Say in correct way:
Tubercle of right rib, (first)

Back 91

Tubercle of right first rib

Front 92

"Notch" of auricular surface on sacrum?

Back 92

sacral promontory

Front 93

Say in correct way:
intervertebral foramen between L4 and L5

Back 93

intervertebral foramina of L4/L5 vertebrae

Front 94

Say in correct way:
body of L4

Back 94

vertebral body of L4 vertebra

Front 95

Dura matar end with subarachnoid space at?

Back 95

S2

Front 96

In a chest x ray, which structures can we see on the left side (S->I)

Back 96

Aortic arch (close to manibrum)
Pulmonary trunk
Part of LA
LV

Front 97

In a chest x ray, which structures can we see on the right side (S->I)

Back 97

SVC
RA

Front 98

Which part of the pulmonary arteries looks bigger in a chest xray

Back 98

Right pulmonary A
The pulmonary trunk is quite small and to the left (very white)
While the left pulmonary trunk is small just above the trunk

Front 99

Vertebral artery comes from?

Back 99

Subclavian aa.

Front 100

Lymph from Breast go to?

Back 100

75% AXILLARY NODES
25% OTHER NODES

Front 101

DIRECT ROUTE to AXILLARY NODES

Back 101

from lateral quadrants pectoral nodes

Front 102

INDIRECT ROUTE to AXILLARY NODES

Back 102

from upper quadrants interpectoral nodes

Front 103

oblique pericardial sinus borders?

Back 103

On the right side, the oblique sinus is bounded by the lines of reflection of the serous pericardium onto the inferior vena cava and the right pulmonary veins.

On the left, the sinus is bounded only by the lines of reflection of serous pericardium onto the left pulmonary veins

Front 104

Right coronary artery runs?

Back 104

in the coronary groove.
Gives off SA nodal branch and right marginal branch. Then continues on the posterior aspect of the heart and at the crux it gives off an AV nodal branch and then a large posterior IV branch,

Front 105

Arterial supply of Pericardium

Back 105

pericardiocophrenic artery
(branch of internal thoracic a)

Front 106

Bundle of His(bundle brances) pierce through:

Back 106

right fibrous trigone, membranous part of IV septum

Front 107

Pericardium Nerve supply

Back 107

phrenic nerves (C3-C5) → sensory fibers,
vagus nerve (CN X) → function uncertain,
sympathetic trunks → vasomotor

Front 108

SA node location:

Back 108

Located anterolaterally, just deep to epicardium,Superior right side of right atrium, between atrium and pulmonary trunk

Front 109

AV node location

Back 109

Inferior wall of right atrium, close to septal cusp and opening of coronary sinus

Front 110

Another name for moderator band

Back 110

Septomarginal trabecula

Front 111

Which muscel is on the inside wall of the ventricle

Back 111

trabeculae carneae

Front 112

function of fibrous trigone

Back 112

Prevents overextension of orifices
provides attachment for cups

Front 113

moderator band purpuse

Back 113

it carries part of the right bundle branch of the AV bundle of the conduction system of the heart to the anterior papillary muscle. This shortcut across the chamber of the ventricle seems to facilitate conduction time, allowing coordinated contraction of the anterior papillary muscle;

Front 114

After AV node we get?

Back 114

atrioventricular bundle -> left+right Budle branches -> fibers

Front 115

supraventricular Crest is what:

Back 115

a ridge on the inner wall of the right ventricle, marking off the conus arteriosus

Front 116

Which "line" divied the right atrium

Back 116

crista terminalis

Front 117

right fibrous ring is around:

Back 117

tricuspid valve