Anatomy 2 Respiratoy

Front 1

Phonation

Back 1

prodcution of sound caused by movement of air across the vocal folds causing to vibrate

Front 2

olfaction

Back 2

sense of smell

Front 3

esternal nares

Back 3

rostral structure protruding slightly from face

Front 4

nasal cavity

Back 4

facial portion of respiratory tract extending from nostrils to caudal nares

Front 5

larynx

Back 5

musculocartilaginou tube connecting laryngopharynx with trachea and containing vocal cords

Front 6

tracheal

Back 6

circular tube (windpipe) extending from larynx to the lungs

Front 7

bronchi

Back 7

short thick segmen entering each lungs hilus to divide into lobar bronchi

Front 8

bronchioles

Back 8

small tubes with no cartilaginous support, last strictly conductive branches

Front 9

alveoli

Back 9

thin walled sacs for as exchange

Front 10

venilation

Back 10

process of breathing

Front 11

respiration

Back 11

includes ventilation and also distribution of gases

Front 12

external respiration

Back 12

exchange of gases in and out of blood

Front 13

internal respiration

Back 13

exchange of gases between blood and tissues

Front 14

philtrum

Back 14

groove in lip and middle of nose seperating nostrils

Front 15

cartilages of nose

Back 15

structures giving nose characteristic apperance

Front 16

septum

Back 16

perpendicular partition seperating nose ino left and right halves

Front 17

nasal meastuses

Back 17

passage way between conchae to each half of nasal cavity

Front 18

Common Nasal Meatus

Back 18

space between median nasal septum and conchae from roof to floor of nasal septum

Front 19

ventral nasal meatus

Back 19

largest between ventral nasal concha and hard palate directly into nasopharynx

Front 20

ventral nasal conche

Back 20

folded structure filling middle lumen of nasal cavity

Front 21

nasal conchae

Back 21

bony scrolls covered by nasa mucosa that fill each half of nasal cavity

Front 22

caudel nares/choanae

Back 22

2 openings of nasopharyngeal meatus into nasopharynx seperated by vomer bone

Front 23

thoracic inlet

Back 23

formed by ast cervical vertebra and 1st pair of ribs and sternum

Front 24

epiglottc cartilage

Back 24

most cranial cartilage, seen at base of tongue, pointed and leaf;like

Front 25

thyroid cartilage

Back 25

large ventral cartilage visible after ventral neck muscles removed

Front 26

cricoid cartilage

Back 26

locaed caudel to thyroid cartilage shaped like signet ring

Front 27

arytenoid cartilage

Back 27

2 pyramid shaped on dorsal surface of layrnx cranial to cricoid cartilage

Front 28

laryngeal cavity

Back 28

space enclosed by laryngeal cartilages, muscles, ligaments, and mucous membrane

Front 29

laryngeal opening

Back 29

passageway for air from mouth to nose into larynx

Front 30

lateral ventricles

Back 30

lateral depression in vestibule just cranial to vocal folds

Front 31

vocal folds/cords

Back 31

mucosa covered ligament and muscle caudel to ventricle

Front 32

glottic cleft

Back 32

narrowest space of lumen of larynx located between the glottis

Front 33

dorsal cricoartenoid

Back 33

only intrinsic muscle abducting (pulling apart) vocal folds to open glottis

Front 34

vocal (vocalis) muscle

Back 34

relaxes vocal fold by pulling arytenoid cartilage downward

Front 35

cricothyroid muscle

Back 35

extnds from ventril side of cricoid cartilage to lateral side of thyroid cartilage "bowtie"

Front 36

pleura

Back 36

lining of thoracic cavity and organs

Front 37

pulmonary (visceral) pleura

Back 37

serosa on surface of a lung

Front 38

parietal pleura

Back 38

serosa lining walls of thorax including mediatinal and diaphram

Front 39

mediastinal parietal

Back 39

serosa on the mediastinum

Front 40

pericardial pleura

Back 40

part of mediastinal pleura on either side of pericardium

Front 41

costal pleura

Back 41

serosa lining thoracic wall

Front 42

diaphrogmatic pleura

Back 42

serosa covering diaphrams thoracic side

Front 43

mediastinum

Back 43

cleft or wall between right and lef mediastinal pleura

Front 44

pleural cavities

Back 44

2 cavities inside pleural sacs between visceral and parietal layers of pleura

Front 45

pleural cupula

Back 45

cranial extent of pleural cavity extending through thoracic inlet

Front 46

mediastinal recess

Back 46

space filled by accessory lobe of right lung between mediastinum and plica vena cava

Front 47

line of pleural reflections

Back 47

pleura reflects from coastal wasll into diaphram

Front 48

basal border of lungs

Back 48

caudoventral border of lungs

Front 49

bifurcaion

Back 49

splitting of trachea into right and left primary bronchi above base of heart

Front 50

tracheal carina

Back 50

ridge at bifurcation between principle broncho

Front 51

tracheal cartilages

Back 51

"c" shaped hyaline carilage rings

Front 52

trachealis muscle

Back 52

smooth muscle connecting the open dorsal ends of tracheal cartilages

Front 53

lobar "secondary" bronchi

Back 53

divided continuation of princia; bronchi ventilating 1 lobe and giving rise to segmental bronchi

Front 54

bronchioles

Back 54

small tubes with no cartilaginous support arising from segmented bronchi

Front 55

alveolar sacs

Back 55

termination of alveolar ducts surrounded by alveoli

Front 56

alveoli

Back 56

thin walled sacs for gas exchange

Front 57

apex of lungs

Back 57

cranial end of lungs ling in thoracic inlet

Front 58

base of lungs

Back 58

caudel end of lungs resting on diaphram

Front 59

hilus of lungs

Back 59

area on medial surface where pulmonary bronchus and pulmonary and bronchial vessels and nerves enters lungs

Front 60

cardiac notch

Back 60

opening between lobes of lungs where heart and sac comes in contact with thoracic wall

Front 61

pulmonary trunk

Back 61

vessel leaving right ventricle that divides into right and left pulmonary arteries to lung

Front 62

pulmonary arteries

Back 62

split into smaller branches paralleling airways do not supply the lung tissues

Front 63

pulmonary veins

Back 63

gases are exchanged and returned oxygenated blood to heart

Front 64

guttural pouch

Back 64

located lateral to pharynx large ventral diverticulum within nasopharynx

Front 65

thymus gland

Back 65

large fluctuant appearing gland divided into lobes

Front 66

phrenic nerve

Back 66

white, thread like structures directed caudally on each side of pericardio, to cranial surface of diaphram

Front 67

nasal diverticulum (equine)

Back 67

dorsal passage through horses nostril into blind cuntaneous

Front 68

nasogastric tubing (equine)

Back 68

passage of stomach tube through nasal cavity, pharynx esophagus to stomach

Front 69

epistaxis

Back 69

bleeding from nose

Front 70

rhinitis

Back 70

inflammation of the nasal cavity

Front 71

dyspnea

Back 71

difficult breathing

Front 72

strangles (equine)

Back 72

infection of horse causing abcesses and swelling of lymph nodes

Front 73

dorsal displacement of soft palate (equine)

Back 73

soft palate on top of epiglottis causing excersize intolerance

Front 74

epiglottic entrapment (equine)

Back 74

displacement of subepiglottic tissue over epiglittis resulting in exersize in tolerance

Front 75

summer snuffles

Back 75

type I hypersensitivity in cattle resulting in dyspnea and intestinal pruritis (itching)

Front 76

pharyngitis

Back 76

inflammation od pharynx

Front 77

laryngitis

Back 77

inflammation of the larynx

Front 78

intubation

Back 78

placement of endotracheal tube into larynx and trachea

Front 79

roarer (equine)

Back 79

laryngeal hemiplegia paralysis left recurrent laryngeal nerve to abductor of glottic cleft dorsal circoartytenoid muscle

Front 80

pleuritis

Back 80

inflammation of the pleura

Front 81

hyaline membrane disease

Back 81

partition before lungs mature with insufficient surfacatant produced

Front 82

pneumothorax

Back 82

air or gas in pleaural space

Front 83

pyothorax

Back 83

thoracic empysema

Front 84

tracheal bronchus (rumnants and pigs)

Back 84

arising cranial to tracheal bifuraction to supply the right lungs cranial lobe

Front 85

transtracheal wash (TTW)

Back 85

injection and aspiration of material into and from trachea for lab work

Front 86

tracheostomy

Back 86

surgically opening trachea to outside

Front 87

cardiac notch

Back 87

site for directing needle into heart without piercing lung tissue

Front 88

shipping fever (cattle)

Back 88

bronchopneumonia of cattle caused by stress bacteria viral infection

Front 89

heaves

Back 89

hyoersensitive reaction causing chronic cough which results in a ""heave line"

Front 90

pneumonia

Back 90

inflammation of lungs with consolidation

Front 91

aspiration pneumonia

Back 91

may result from drenching cattle or regurgiatation during surgery for any species

Front 92

percussion

Back 92

act of striking part with short sharp blows and listening for sound made

Front 93

auscultation of lungs

Back 93

listening to air passing through airways of lungs with a stethoscope

Front 94

pleurocentesis/thoracocentesis

Back 94

surgical puncture of chest wall for drainage of fluid

Front 95

thoracotomy

Back 95

incision into thoracic cavity

Front 96

lobectomy

Back 96

removal of a lung lobe