Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Where do the facial artery and vein enter the face? What does the artery end as and anastome with? The Vein?
|
enters face on inferior mandible just anterior to mandibular angle. end in medial orbit as angular a. and v.
artery: anastomoses with opthalmic a. and infraorbital branches of maxillary a. vein: anastomes with opthalmic vein which communicates with cavernous sinus |
|
|
What is Death's Triangle? Why is it a dangeous area?
|
- area made from midline and external auditory meatus to lateral corners of eye and mouth
- spread of infection through otphalmic emissary veins into cavernous sinus causing cavernous sinus thrombosis |
|
|
Where do the superficial temporal vessels originate from and where do they arise on the face? What do they supply?
|
- terminal branch of ECA
-- emerges from upper border of parotid gland, supplies scalp |
|
|
What arteries are used as collaterals during occlusion of internal carotid artery?
|
- infraorbital branch of maxillary artery, superficial temporal artery, and angular branch of facial artery with anastomes with opthalmic artery (ICA)
|
|
|
What is the dermatome of the opthalmic nerve (V1)? What branches does it contain?
|
supplies dorsum of nose to medial eye to anterior scalp and forehead
- supraorbital n.: emerges from supraorbital fossa |
|
|
What is the dermatome of the maxillary nerve (V2)? What branches does it contian?
|
inverted comma
- upper lip, lateral aspect of nose, lower eyelidd, over the zygomatic bone into the temporal fossa - infraboribtal nerve: lateral nose to upper cheek |
|
|
What is the dermatome of the mandibular nerve (V3)? What branches does it contain?
|
large bent U/horseshoe
lowerlip/chin, body and ramus of mandible but NOT the mandibular angle, up to anterior ear and lateral scalp mental n.: lower lip, chin, skin over anterior mandible buccal n: posterior body and ramus of mandible, cheek auriculotemporal: intermediate part of temporal fossa |
|
|
Where is the orbicularis oculi? What is its function? What is its innervation?
|
Sphincteric muscle of eye, encircling the orbit
tightly closes the eye facial nerve |
|
|
Where is the orbicularis oris? What is its function? What is its innervation?
|
sphincteric muscle of mouth, surrounding upper and lower lip
puckers the lips facial nerve |
|
|
Where is the buccinator muscle? What is its function? Innervation?
|
runs forward on cheek and blends into orbicularis oris
compresses contents of oral cavity (blowing up balloon), removes food from vestibules and controls placement of food in teeth facial nerve |
|
|
What is the parotid gland? Where is it located? What innervates it?
|
salivary gland
anterior: ramus of mandible, masseter muscle posterior: superior SCM and mastoid process parasymp from typanic branch of IX (glossopharyngeal) |
|
|
What is the path of the parotid duct?
|
leaves anterior part of partotid gland
runs across the masseter muscle dives deep into buccinator muscle enters mouth opposite of second maxillary molar |
|
|
What is the innervation points, functionality of, test for, and paralysis effects of the temporal branch?
|
- runs just above eyebrow
- innervates frontalis muscle - test: raise eyebrows/wrinkle forehead - paralysis: flattened ipsilateral forehead wrinkles due to gravitational sag |
|
|
What is the innervation points, functionality of, test for, and paralysis effects of the zygomatic branch?
|
- runs to lower and outer corner of eye
- innervates obicularis oculi muscle - test: tightly close eye - paralysis: lower eyelid sag and eversion, tears run across cheek |
|
|
What is the innervation points, functionality of, test for, and paralysis effects of the buccual branch?
|
- doubled, runs with parotid duct,
- innervtes buccinator muscle, upper lip, upper part of orbicularis oris - test: smile, show teeth, pucker lips, whistle/blow out cheeks - paralysis: decreased nasolabial fold by gravitational sag of cheek, inability to show upper teeth, ipsilateral smile |
|
|
What is the innervation points, functionality of, test for, and paralysis effects of the marginal mandibular branch?
|
- travels to lower margin of mandible as it crosses facial vessels
- innervates depresser of angle of moutha nd lower lip, lower part of obicularis oris - show teeth - paralysis: paralysis of lower lip, sagging and drooling |
|
|
What is the innervation points, functionality of, test for, and paralysis effects of the cervical branch?
|
- descend into neck from lower pole of parotid gland
- innervates platysma muscle - test: flare out skin of neck |
|
|
What is Bell's Palsy?
|
facial nerve injury proximal to branching, ipsilateral side of face is paralyzed with all of its branching nerves' deficits
|
|
|
What are the bony boundaries of the infratemporal region?
|
Roof: greater wing of sphenoid and squamous of temporal bone
- foramen ovale (Mandibular n.), foramen spinosum (Middle meningeal a.) , and petroympanic fissure (chorda typani and lingual) Lateral: ramus of mandible - mandibular foramen (inferior alveolar n. and vessels) Medial: pterygoid process of spenoid bone Anterior: posterior portion of maxilla Posterior: mastoid and styloid processes and muscles from them |
|
|
What passes through the mandibular foramen?
|
inferior alveolar nerve and vessels
|
|
|
What is the origin, insertion, function, and innervation of masseter muscle?
|
O: lower and inner aspect of zygomatic arch
I: external surface of ramus of mandible Innervation: mandibular n. (V3) Function: Jaw closing |
|
|
What is the origin, insertion, function, and innervation of temporalis muscle?
|
O: temporal fossa on lateral aspect of skull
I: coronoid process of mandible Innervation: mandinbular n. (V3) Function: Jaw closing |
|
|
What is origin insertion function and innervation of lateral pterygoid muscle?
|
Superficially situated
- O: upper and lower heads from lateral part of lateral pterygoid plate - I: neck of mandible and capsule and articular disc of TMJ Innervation: Mandibular Function: Open jaw (deviates opening to opposite side) |
|
|
What is origin insertion function and innervation of medial pterygoid muscle?
|
O: medial portion of lateral pterygoid plate and pterygoid fossa
I: internal aspect of lower mandibular ramus Innervation: mandibular n. (V3) Function: jaw closer (to opposite side) |
|
|
If there is a lesion of the mandibular division of trigeminal rule, how do you know based on how the chin points which side the lesion is on?
|
- chin will always point to side of lesion at rest and on actively attempting to open jaw against resistance
|
|
|
What are the types of and names of branches of Mandibular branch of trigeminal n. (V3)
|
SA Fibers:
auriculotemporal, inferior alveolar, lingual, and buccal Motor: - 4 major muscles of mastication, tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani, mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric |
|
|
What is the relative position of the inferior alveolar nerve to the linguinal nerve? What are the branches related to each?
|
Inferior alveolar nerve passes posterior/laterally to the linginual nerve
Inferior alveolar: innervates mandibular teeth - sends of mental branch to innervate lower lip - MOTOR: mylohyoid and anteriuor belly of digastric Linguinal: joined by chorda tympani - innervates anterior 2/3 of tongue |
|
|
What does the buccal n. innervate? Is there another buccal nerve?
|
runs through insertion of temporalis muscle
SENSORY: full thickness of cheek not the same as buccal n. from facial n (VII) |
|
|
What does the maxillary artery branch from? What does it supply, how does it travel, and what branches does it give off?
|
- branch of ECA
- runs forward, deep to mandibular neck - supplies muscles of mastication - gives off middle meningeal artery (enters foramen spinosum) and inferior alveolar artery (travels with inferior alveolar n.) |
|
|
Where does the plexus of veins sit for the infratemporal fossa? what drains into it and what does it drain into?
|
- sits on the pterygoid muscles
- receives drainage from structures supplied by maxillary artery and facial, orbital, and cranial veins drains into maxillary veins into retromandibular vein |
|
|
What is the temporomandibular joint? How is it organized and what motions does it allow for?
|
TMJ is between mandibular fossa and condyle of mandible
- has two synovial cavities split with articular disc - strengthened by two extracapsular ligaments - allows for opening/closing and lateral deviation (left/right) - depression of mandible causes condyle to move forward and downward - elevation of mandible causes condyle to move upward and backward |
|
|
How must the mandible be moved to reduce it after a dislocation?
|
- must be moved downward before moving backward so that the condyle can clear below the articular tubercle of temporal bone
|
