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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nerve tissue contains
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Neuron and Neuroglial Cells
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Nervous tissue cells which can transmit a nerve impulse
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Neurons
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Nervous tissue cells that fill spaces and give support to neurons
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Neuroglial Cells
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Neuroglial Cells that are found between blood and neurons; they produce a scar
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Astrocyte
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Neuroglial cells that are found between axons; they produce myelin
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Oligodendrocytes
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Neuroglial cells that are found lining canals of the brain and spinal cord
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epidymal cells
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Neuroglial Cells that are phagocytic
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microglial
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Make up the cytoskeleton of the cell
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Neurofilaments
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Clear gel which houses the organelles
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cytoplasm
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Contains digestive enzymes
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Lysosomes
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Transports molecules between cell body and cell processes
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Neurotubules
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Prepares cellular products for excretion
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Golgi body
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Contains ribosomes
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Nissl Body
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Powerhouse of the cell
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mitochondrion
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cell membrane of a neuron
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neurolemma
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an axoaxonic synapse attaches
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axon to axon
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an axodendritic cell attaches
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axon to dendrite
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A common function for all neuroglial cells is
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to support and protect
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The ions found in the intracellular fluid of a neuron when the neurolemmma is at rest
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so42 po4-3 K+
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The ions found in the extracellular fluid when the neurolemma is at rest
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na+ ca2+ Cl-
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A cell body is made up of
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Cell body, Dendrites, Axon, Telodentrites
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Neuronal Process which transmits a nerve impulse toward the body cell
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dendrite
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Neuronal process which transmits a nerve impulse away from the body is called
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an axon
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Action potential occurs when a _______ stimulus is applied to the neurolemma
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Threshold
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The difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of a nerve cell
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resting potential
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A _____ is a junction between two neurons
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synapse
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The space between two neurons is a
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synaptic cleft
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The ion which causes the polarization of neurolemma
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NA
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The ion that causes the depolarization of the neurolemma
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K
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The ion which causes the exocytosis of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles into the synaptic cleft is
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Ca
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Neurotransmitters are packaged in the
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synaptic vesicle
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Neurotransmitters which cause the NA+ channels to open in the post synaptic neurolemma and therefore allow a nerve impulse to travel is called
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excitatory
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Neurotransmitters which cause the NA+ channels to stay closed in the post synaptic neurolemma and therefore does not allow a nerve impulse to travel is called
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inhibitory
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Acytocholine is not a __________
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inhibitory transmitter
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Produces the ATP necessary to pump NA+ out and K+ in is the
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mitochondria
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Parts that are capable of responding to nerve impulses are called
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effectors
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Parts of a reflex arc in correct order Effectors, Sensory neuron, Motor neuron
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Sensory neuron, Motor Neuron, effectors
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Impulses from a different pool may pass into several output fibers
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Divergence
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Myelin is present in the outside of the axon
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saltatory conduction
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When a neuron becomes more excitable due to incoming subthreshold stimuli
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facilitated
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The synapsing of several neurons on the same postsynaptic neurons is
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convergence
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Shwann cells are found only on
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myelinated cells
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The lypoprotein that covers axons is
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myelin
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Neurons which control muscles
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motor neurons
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Neurons which identify changes in the environment
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sensory neuron
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Neuron that has two neuronal processes airing from the cell body
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bipolar neurons
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Neurons that have many neuronal processes
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Multipolar neurons
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Neurons which have a single neuronal process airing from the cell body
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unipolar
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Neurons which are found between sensory and motor neurons
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Interneurons
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Membranes that cover the brain
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meningies
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the dural space contains______ and is found between the _______and __________
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fat Bone and Dura mater
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Components of the dura mater
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Dense connective tissue, blood vessels, nerves,
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Where is dura matter found
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outer layer of meningies
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Components of arachnoid mater
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dense connective tissue
nerves |
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Components of pia mater
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Dense connective tissue
Blood vessels nerves |
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Where is the subarachnoid space found
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between pia mater and arachnoid space
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What does subarachnoid space contain
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CSF
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Where does spinal cord begin
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foramen magnum
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where does spinal cord end
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between L1 and L2
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What protects spinal cord
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meningies
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What type of nerves start at the spinal cord
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spinal nerves
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thoracic enlargement of spinal cord gives rise to the nerves that control the
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chest cavity
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cervical enlargement of the spinal cord gives rise to the nerves that control the
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arms
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the spinal cord is made up of ______ segments
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31 segments
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Lumbrosacral enlargement of the spinal cord gives rise to the nerves that control the
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back and legs
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interprets sensory impulses associated with hearing
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temporal
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interprets sensory impulses from the skin
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parietal
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contains motor areas associated with skeletal muscles
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frontal lobe
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Interprets sensory impulses associated with vision
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occipital
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controls visceral functions and helps to maintain homeostasis
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hypothalamus
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What separates the two membranes of the cerebrum
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falx cerebri
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What connects the two cerebelar hemispheres
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vermis
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canals located within the brain and the brain stem
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ventricles
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connections between the two sections of the cerebrum
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corpus callosum
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What contains the hypothalamus and thalamus
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diencephalon
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Components of the brain stem
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midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata, diencephalon
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Components of the brain
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Brain stem, cerebellum, cerebrum
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Spinal cord does not
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integrate messages received from the endocrine glands and muscles
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The brain stem connects
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brain to spinal cord
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CSF is produced by choroid plexuses that functions to maintain
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homeostasis
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CSF protects the
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brain and spinal cord
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interconnected cavities found within the cerebral hemispheres which are continuous with the central canal of spinal cord and is filled with CSF
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ventricles
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Diencephalon contains
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thalamus and hypothalamus
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is the highway through the brain stem, has an occular motor center
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Midbrain
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Hypothalamus controls
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heart rate, homeostasis
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part of brain that acts as a relay station for sensory imputs
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thalamus
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neurons scattered through medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain
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Reticular formation
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Three centers in medulla oblongata
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respiratory, cardiac, vasomotor
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System which functions without conscious control
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Autonomic nervous system
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Division of ANS responds to stressful situations
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sympathetic
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division of ANS, is active under
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normal conditions
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reflex center for integrating sensory information
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Cerebellum
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Establishment of emotional states and related behavior drives are functions of the
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sympathetic nervous system
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