Anatomy

Front 1

avg location of L1 segment of spinal cord

Back 1

T11

Front 2

avg location of conus medullaris

Back 2

L1/L2

Front 3

avg location of end of the spinal cord

Back 3

L2

Front 4

site where needle should be inserted for a lumbar puncture

Back 4

L3/L4 or L4/L5

Front 5

avg location of the end of the subarachnoid space

Back 5

S2

Front 6

in breast reduction surgery it is important to preserve innervation of the nipple. What branch of what nerve innervates the nipple?

Back 6

lateral cutaneous branch of 4th intercostal (or ventral ramus of T4 spinal nerve)

Front 7

surgical access to the shoulder is often accomplished by passing through the interval between the deltoid muscle and the pectoralis major. inadvertant damage to what structure(s) must be avoided in this approach?

Back 7

cephalic vein

Front 8

What are Cooper's ligaments of the breast and what are their clinical significance?

Back 8

Connective tissue bands in subcutaneous layer passing from anterior aspect of breast tissue to dermis. Often shortened in cancer of the breast, leading to dimpling of the skin.

Front 9

In an attempt to remove air from the pleural cavity of a patient with tension pneumothorax on the right side, you accidentally insert a needle along the lower border of the second rib rather than along the upper border of the third rid. What is(are) the structure(s) that you might damage and what are the consequences of such damage?

Back 9

intercostal n, posterior intercostal a., posterior intercostal v.

bleeding, diminished sensation or pain over medial aspect of 2nd intercostal space and adjoining sternum