Anat10A Chapter 6-7 Axial-Appendicular Skeleton

Front 1

What sections are contained in the axial skeleton?

Back 1

skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage, sacrum and coccyx.

Front 2

Name the cavities of the skull.

Back 2

cranial, orbits, nasal, oral and paranasal sinuses.

Front 3

Named the paranasal sinuses.

Back 3

frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillary

Front 4

Define sutures

Back 4

immovable dense regular CT that allows the cranium to grow during childhood. In adulthood they are fused. Coronal, lambdoidal, sagittal and squamosal

Front 5

What skull bones would you cut through in a mid-sagittal cut?

Back 5

frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, vomar and mandible.

Front 6

Name markings on the frontal bone

Back 6

glabella, superfiliary arch, supraorbital foramen, supraorbital margin.

Front 7

Name the markings on the parietal bones

Back 7

parietal foramen, parietal eminence, superior temporal line and interior temporal line

Front 8

Name the markings on the temporal bones

Back 8

external auditory meatus, mastoid process, tympanic region, styloid process, mandibular fossa, articular tubercle and zygomatic process. Internally there is the internal auditory meatus and the petrous region.

Front 9

Name the markings on the occipital bone

Back 9

foramen magnum, basilar region, occipital condyle, external and internal occipital crest, superior and interior nuchal line and external and internal occipital protuberance.

Front 10

Name the markings on the sphenoid bone

Back 10

greater wing, lesser wind, sella turcica, foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum, chiasmatic groove, optic foramen. Plus posteriorly are the pterygoid, processes, plates and canal.

Front 11

Name the markings on the ethmoid bone

Back 11

crista galli, perpendicular plated ethmoidal sinuses, orbital plate, cribriform foramina in the cribriform plate, superior and middle nasal concha.

Front 12

Name the divisions of the cranial fossae

Back 12

anterior cranial fossa, middle cranial fossa and posterior cranial fossa

Front 13

Names the markings of the zygomatic bone

Back 13

frontal process, temporal process and maxillary process

Front 14

Name the markings on the vomer

Back 14

ala and vertical plate

Front 15

Name the markings on the palatine bones

Back 15

orbital process, perpendicular plate and horizontal plate.

Front 16

Names the markings on the maxilla

Back 16

frontal process, orbital rim, inferior orbital fissure, orbital surgace, infraorbital forament, anterior nasal spine, zygomatic process, alveolar process.

Front 17

Names the markings of the mandible

Back 17

mindibular condyles, ramus, body, angle, mental foramen, mental protuberance, alveolar process, coronoid process, mandibular forament, mylohyoid line

Front 18

What do the sinuses do?

Back 18

have a mucous lining that helps to humidify and warm inhaled air, cause the skull bones to be lighter, provide resonance to the voice.

Front 19

What are the bones of the orbits?

Back 19

sphenoid, frontal, maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid, palatine, zygomatic

Front 20

Name the markings of the hyoid bone

Back 20

body, greater cornu and lesser cornu. It is the only bone that doesn't articulate with other bones. Between the mandible and the larynx and serves as an attachement for the tonge.

Front 21

Names the auditory ossocles

Back 21

malleus, incus, stapes

Front 22

What are fontaneles and name them

Back 22

Region between cranial bones that are thickened fibrous membrance remnants that are not yet ossified. On a baby's head and close by 15 months. This helps the cranial bones overlap during birth. Anterior, posterior, sphenoidal, and mastoidal

Front 23

List the functions of the vertebral column

Back 23

Provides vertical support for the body, supports the weight of the head, helps to maintain an upright body position, housing and protection for the spinal cord and provides a passageway for spinal nerves connecting to the spinal cord.

Front 24

Name the vertebral divisions

Back 24

cervical-7, thoracic-12, lumbar-5, sacral-5 fused, and coccyx -4 fused.

Front 25

What is kyphosis?

Back 25

hunchback

Front 26

What is lordosis?

Back 26

swayback

Front 27

What is scoliosis?

Back 27

lateral curvature of the spine

Front 28

Name the parts of a vertebrae

Back 28

transverse process, superior and inferior articulating processes and facets, vertebral foramen, intervertebral forament, spinous process, lamina, pedicle, and body

Front 29

What is unique about cervical vertebra?

Back 29

They have transverse forament and bifid spinous process

Front 30

Name the parts of the vertebral disks.

Back 30

anulus fibrosus externally and mucleus pulposus in the middle

Front 31

What is the first cervical vertebra called?

Back 31

atlas

Front 32

What is the second cervical vertebra called?

Back 32

axis with a dens for pivoting with the atlas

Front 33

What is unique about thoracic vertebrae?

Back 33

they have transverse costal facets and demifacets and very sharp spinous processes.

Front 34

What is unique about lumbar vertebrae?

Back 34

large and chunky with spinous processes that are round, big, blunt and short.

Front 35

What is the thoracic cage?

Back 35

thoracic vertebrae posteriorly, ribs leterally and sternum anteriorly. Serves as a protective cage around vital organs.

Front 36

Name the parts of the sternum

Back 36

manubrium, clavicular notches, costal notch, sternal angle, body and xiphoid process

Front 37

What are true ribs?

Back 37

the first seven because they connect individually to the sternum bo costal cartilages

Front 38

What are false ribs?

Back 38

ribs 8-12. ribs 8-10 fuse to the costal cartilage of rib 7 and indirectly articulate with the sternum

Front 39

What are floating ribs?

Back 39

ribs 11 and twelve because they have no connection with the sternum

Front 40

Name the parts of the costae

Back 40

head, neck, tubercle, angle, shaft, and costal groove

Front 41

What is the appendicular skeleton?

Back 41

the appendages or upper and lower limbs and the girdles that attache them to the axial skeleton

Front 42

Describe the pectoral girdle.

Back 42

one clavicle that articulates with one scapula

Front 43

Name the markings of the clavicle

Back 43

sternal end and acromial end

Front 44

Name the markings of the scapula

Back 44

acromion, glenoid fossa, lateral border, spine, coracoid process, superior border, medial border

Front 45

Name the markings of the humerous

Back 45

head, anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater tubercle, intertubercular groove, lesser tubercle, shat, coronoid fossa, radial fossa, lateral epicongyle, medial epicondyle, capitulum and trochlea. The olecranon fossa on the posterior side.

Front 46

Name the markings on the ulna

Back 46

olecranon process, trochlear notch, coronoid process, radial notch and styloid process

Front 47

Name the markings on the radius

Back 47

head, neck, radial tuberosity, ulnar notch and styloid process

Front 48

Name the carpals

Back 48

scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate and hamate

Front 49

What is the thumb called?

Back 49

pollex

Front 50

Name the bones of the pelvis

Back 50

sacrum, coccyx and right and left ossa coxae

Front 51

What comprises the bones of the pelvic girdle?

Back 51

the right and left ossa coxae

Front 52

Name the bones comprising the os coxa

Back 52

ilium, ischium and pubis

Front 53

Name the markings on the os coxa

Back 53

iliac crest, greater sciatic notch, ischial spine, lesser sciatic notch, ischial tuberocity, ischial ramus, acetabulum, and obturator foramen

Front 54

What is the true pelvis?

Back 54

It encloses the pelvic cavity and forms a deep bowl that contains the pelvic organs

Front 55

What is the falst pelvis?

Back 55

it is enclosed by the ala of the iliac bones and houses the inferior abdominal organs

Front 56

What is the pelvic inlet?

Back 56

the space enclosed by the pelvic brim

Front 57

What is another name for the knee-cap?

Back 57

patella with the base, apex and articular surface

Front 58

Name the markings on the femur

Back 58

fovea, head, neck greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, intertrochanteric line, medial epicondyle, pateral epicondyle, lateral condyle, medial condyle, patellar surface and on the posterior side, the linea aspera and popliteal surface

Front 59

Name the markings on the tibia

Back 59

lateral condyle, medial condyle, intercondylar eminence, tibial tuberosity, shaft, and medical malleolus

Front 60

Name the markings in the fibula

Back 60

head, neck, shaft, lateral malleolus

Front 61

Name the tarsals

Back 61

calcaneous, talus, navicular, cuboid, and medial, intermediate and lateral cuneiform

Front 62

What is another name for the big toe?

Back 62

hallux

Front 63

Name the arches of the foot

Back 63

medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal and transverse arches

Front 64

What do the arches of the foot do?

Back 64

helps support the weight of the body and ensures that the blood vessels and nerves on the sole of the foot are not pinched.