Anat - Unit 3 - Orbit

Front 1

Bones that comprise the orbit

Back 1

Frontal bone
Zygomatic bone
Maxillary bone
Lacrimal bone
Ethmoid bone
Palatine bone
Sphenoid bone

Front 2

Layers of the eyelids:

Back 2

Skin
Orbicularis oculi
Tarsus
Conjunctiva

Front 3

Term for the opening between the upper and lower eyelid

Back 3

Palpebral fissure

Front 4

Name for where the eyes come together medially and laterally.

Back 4

Medial/lateral palpebral commissure

Front 5

LIgaments that attach the canthi to the orbital rim

Back 5

Lateral/medial palpebral ligament

Front 6

Blepharoptosis is characterized by:

Back 6

Drooping of the eyelid

Front 7

Blepharoptosis ptosis is caused by:

Back 7

Paralysis of levator palpebrae superioris (damage to CN III)

Paralysis of superior tarsal muscle (damage to sympathetic nerves -- horner syndrome)

Front 8

Ciliary processes secrete _________ and are connected to the lens by the ___________.

Back 8

Aqueous humor
Suspensory ligament

Front 9

Muscles that control the entrance of light through the pupil

Back 9

Sphincter pupillae (parasympathetic, III)
Dilator pupillae (sympathetic)

Front 10

Aqueous humor is secreted by the ciliary processes into the _________ chamber which flows around the iris and through the pupil into the ________ chamber.

Back 10

Posterior
Anterior

Front 11

How to test superior and inferior oblique muscles.

Back 11

Inferior: Look medially and upward
Superior: Look medially and downward

Front 12

CN VI enters the orbit through:

Back 12

superior orbital fissure

Front 13

Important structures that CN VI passes through:

Back 13

Cavernous sinus (involved in cavernous sinus thrombosis)

Common tendinous ring

Front 14

CN IV follows the same path as CN VI with this exception:

Back 14

Courses outside the common tendinous ring

Front 15

Divisions of CN III

Back 15

Superior:
Levator palpebrae superioris m.
Superior rectus m.

Inferior:
Medial rectus m.
Inferior rectus m.
Inferior oblique m.
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to ciliary ganglion

Front 16

Postganglionic parasympathetic innervation from the ciliary ganglion to the eye travel via:

Back 16

Short ciliary nerves

Front 17

Muscles innervated by parasympathetics

Back 17

Sphincter pupillae
Ciliary muscle

Front 18

Sympathetics enter the eyeball via ___________ and reach the eyeball via __________

Back 18

Superior orbital fissure
Short and/or long ciliary nn.

Front 19

Sympathetics innervate what?

Back 19

dilator pupilae m.

Front 20

Etiology of horner's syndrome:

Back 20

interruption of the sympathetic pathway to the eye

Front 21

In the pupillary light reflex, optic nerve fibers synapse where?

Back 21

pretectal nucleus

Front 22

Upon bilateral stimulation of this nucleus, the oculomotor nerve pupilloconstricts

Back 22

Edinger-westphal nucleus

Front 23

Muscle responsible for blinking

Back 23

Levator palpebrae muscle

Front 24

Glands located within the tarsus that secrete lipids.

Back 24

Tarsal or meibomian glands

Front 25

A TRANSPARENT MUCUS MEMBRANE THAT LINES THE INNER ASPECT OF THE EYELID

Back 25

Conjunctiva

Front 26

The lacrimal apparatus consists of:

Back 26

Lacrimal gland
Lacrimal sac
Nasolacrimal duct

Front 27

Excretory ducts of the lacrimal glands open where?

Back 27

Conjuctival fornices

Front 28

This structure is the orgin for all but one of the EOM

Back 28

common tendinous ring

Front 29

Fossa that the orbit communicates with

Back 29

PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA
INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
TEMPORAL FOSSA

Front 30

The only extraocular mucle that does not originate from the common tendinous ring

Back 30

Inferior oblique

Front 31

All arteries in the orbit are branches of:

Back 31

Ophthalmic artery

Front 32

The superior opthalmic vein drains into the cavernous sinus through the _________.

Back 32

Superior orbital fissure

Front 33

The inferior opthalmic vein drains into the cavernous sinus OR pterygoid plexus through the _________.

Back 33

infratemporal fossa

Front 34

CN IV enters the cavernous sinus just _______ to CN III

Back 34

inferior

Front 35

CN IV enters through _________.

Back 35

Superior orbital fissure OUTSIDE common tendinous ring

Front 36

CN VI enters through _____.

Back 36

Superior orbital fissure WITHIN the common tendinous ring.

Front 37

CN V1 enters through:

Back 37

Superior orbital fissure

Front 38

The lacrimal nerve is a branch of:

Back 38

V1

Front 39

In the corneal reflex, if one eye closes damage is likely to ______. If both eyes remain open then it's likely _____.

Back 39

CN VII
CN V

Front 40

The the ciliary muscles relax they allow the eye to see _____

Back 40

far away

Front 41

The the ciliary muscles constrict they allow the eye to see _____

Back 41

Close

Front 42

Symptoms of horner's syndrome

Back 42

Ptosis (drooping eyelid)
Miosis (pupillary constriction)
Anhidrosis (decreased sweating)
Enophthalmos (sunken eyeball)

Front 43

The highest concentration of cones is found where?

Back 43

fovea, a small pit in the macular lutea