Anat M2

Front 1

three types of muscle tissue

Back 1

smooth, cardiac, skeletal muscle

Front 2

function of skeletal muscle

Back 2

voluntary movement of bones (rarely: skin, gut)

Front 3

myofibers:

Back 3

Cells or fibers of skeletal muscle
contain many nuclei at the cell periphery (beneath sarcolemma)
Each muscle cell has an endomysium containing bundles surrounded by perimysium

Front 4

myofilaments:

Back 4

actin and myosin

Front 5

neuromuscular junction:

Back 5

Where motor neurons synapse with muscle fiber
Chemical signal sets up action potential in sarcolemma-->travels to t-tubules-->stimulates SR to release Ca to cytoplasm

Front 6

sarcomere:

Back 6

unit of contraction (z line to z line)

Front 7

sarcolemma:

Back 7

Skeletal muscle plasma membrane
forms t-tubules that poke into cell's interior

Front 8

sarcoplasm:

Back 8

skeletal muscle cytoplasm

Front 9

sarcoplasmic reticulum:

Back 9

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cell
Located around fibrils
Associated with t-tubules to for a triad

Front 10

actin:

Back 10

Anchored to Z line
Occupies I band
Projects into A band

Front 11

myosin:

Back 11

Occupies A band

Front 12

H band:

Back 12

Area where actin and myosin do not overlap (only myosin)
Is a paler area
During contraction: band gets shorter

Front 13

Z line:

Back 13

Where actin attaches
Sarcomere defined from one Z line to the next
During contraction: z-lines move closer to each other

Front 14

A band:

Back 14

Area occupied by myosin
During contraction: length stays the same

Front 15

I band:

Back 15

Area occupied only by actin
During contraction: band gets shorter

Front 16

M line:

Back 16

where myosin achors

Front 17

endomysium:

Back 17

Meshwork of collagen type III (reticular collagen) surrounding muscle fibers

Front 18

perimysium:

Back 18

Bundles or fascicles that join muscle fibers

Front 19

epimysium:

Back 19

Connective tissue sheaths joining muscle fibers to form a tendon
Every muscle has an one

Front 20

periosteum:

Back 20

Area of bone where tendon inserts

Front 21

Sharpey's fibers:

Back 21

Where force of contraction transfered to bone

Front 22

cardiac muscle vs. skeletal

Back 22

Both have: striation, t-tubules, SR
cardiac: need direct innervation (signals passed btwn fibers by gap junction), branch, t-tubules and SR only form diads(only one t-tubule for one SR)

Front 23

smooth muscle vs. skeletal

Back 23

No striations
Actin and myosin no in register
Protein filaments not visible by microscopy
Able to contract using gap junctions

Front 24

aponeurosis

Back 24

A flat tendon

Front 25

muscle compartments

Back 25

groups of muscles in one area surrounded by own epimysium

Front 26

fasicle

Back 26

fascia that surrounds a bundle of muscle fibers
(this in turn has several fascia compartments surrounded by epimysium)

Front 27

origin:

Back 27

where muscle attaches that moves less than the other side (proximal bone)

Front 28

insertion:

Back 28

where muscle attaches that moves ore than the other side (distal bone)

Front 29

skeletal muscle

Back 29

Large
Striated
mulitnucleated
must receive stimulus by direct innervation (neuromuscular junction)

Front 30

agnostic

Back 30

muscle that bears primary responsibility for causing a certain movement
aka:primary mover

Front 31

antagonist

Back 31

muscle that reverses, or opposes, the action of another muscle

Front 32

synergist:

Back 32

muscle that aids the action of a prime mover b contributing to the same movement or by stabilizing joints to prevent undesirable movements

Front 33

fixator:

Back 33

muscle that immobilizes one or more bones, allowing other muscles to act from a stable base