Anat Lab 8

Front 1

o Tectorial membrane

Back 1

superior continuation of posterior longitudinal ligament

Front 2

o Cruciate ligament of the atlas

Back 2

cross-shaped ligament that wraps behind dens of axis bone

Front 3

Cruciform ligament is in between

Back 3

Atlas (C1) and C2

Front 4

Alar ligaments are behind

Back 4

Cruciform ligament

Front 5

Cruciform ligament fibers

Back 5

Superior Longitudinal
Inferior longitudinal

Front 6

Transverse ligament of atlas is at what facet

Back 6

articular facet of dens

Front 7

o Alar ligament: attach to the

Back 7

dens of axis bone

Front 8

o Atlanto-occipital joint-between

Back 8

between occipital condyle of occipital bone and atlas; for nodding motion

Front 9

 Anterior to retropharyngeal space

Back 9

• Anterior part of investing layer (incl. SCM)
• Infrahyoid fascia
• Carotid sheath
• visceral fascia contents

Front 10

 Posterior to retropharyngeal space

Back 10

• Prevertebral fascia contents
• Posterior part of investing layer (incl. trapezius

Front 11

• Sympathetic trunk, anterior to

Back 11

cervical vertebra

Front 12

o Internal carotid n comes off

Back 12

superior extension of sympathetic trunk, goes into the cranial vault

Front 13

o Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion-near

Back 13

base of neck

Front 14

o Inferior cervical sympathetic ganglion/stellate ganglion-near

Back 14

subclavian a/v

Front 15

o Rectus capitis lateralis m

Back 15

occipital bone to transverse process of atlas

Front 16

o Rectus capitis anterior m

Back 16

occipital bone to anterior arch of atlas

Front 17

o Longus capitis m

Back 17

Base of occipital bone to anterior tubercle of cervical vertebrae, “truly prevertebral muscle within prevertebral fascia”

Front 18

o Longus colli m

Back 18

extends on anterior vertebra from CV2 to ~TV3 “truly prevertebral muscle within prevertebral fascia”

Front 19

o Buccopharyngeal fascia-adventitia, continuous with

Back 19

buccinator m

Front 20

o Muscular layer of the pharynx

Back 20

outer circular, inner longitudinal

Front 21

o Inferior pharyngeal constrictor m attachment

Back 21

 Anterior attachment: oblique line of thyroid cartilage + cricoid cartilage
 Posterior attachment: pharyngeal raphe

Front 22

o Middle pharyngeal constrictor m attachment

Back 22

 Anterior attachment: greater horn of hyoid bone + inferior stylohyoid ligament
 Posterior attachment: pharyngeal raphe

Front 23

o Superior pharyngeal constrictor m attachment

Back 23

 Anterior attachment: pterygomandibular raphe
 Posterior attachment: pharyngeal tubercle of occipital bone

Front 24

o Stylopharyngeus m passes between

Back 24

superior and middle pharyngeal constrictor m.m.
 This is the only skeletal muscle innervated by CN IX.

Front 25

o Palatoglossus m
 This is the only “glossus” muscle NOT innervated by

Back 25

CN XII.

Front 26

o Glossopharyngeal (CN IX): fibers

Back 26

GVE, SVE, GSA, GVA, SVA

Front 27

To innervate pharyngeal mucosa (GVA) the glossopharyngeal passes between

Back 27

internal/external carotid

Front 28

Glossopharyngeal is afferent to the tongue and pharyngeal mucosa, but efferent to

Back 28

stylopharyngeus and parotid gland

Front 29

o Vagus (CN X): fibers

Back 29

SVE, GVE, GSA, SVA, and GVA

Front 30

Vagus branch the superior laryngeal nerve innervates

Back 30

the larynx and runs with the superior laryngeal artery

Front 31

Superior laryngeal artery gives branches to

Back 31

palate, pharynx and larynx

Front 32

SVE of vagus to

Back 32

Muscles of soft palate, all larynx muscles, and pharyngeal muscles via the pharyngeal plexus

Front 33

GVA of vagus to

Back 33

mucosa of the larynx, mucosa of inferior pharynx

Front 34

 SVA:of the vagus to

Back 34

palate, uvula and carry sensory of taste from the roof of the tongue and the taste buds on the epiglottis

Front 35

Spinal accesory fibers

Back 35

GSE

Front 36

what nerves join spinal accesory at posterior cervical region?

Back 36

C2-C4

Front 37

o Hypoglossal (CN XII) fibers

Back 37

GSE

Front 38

After the hypoglossal exits the hypoglossal canal it its joined by

Back 38

by a branch of the cervical plexus conveying general somatic motor fibers from C1 and C2 spinal nerves and general somatic motor fibers from the spinal ganglion of C2 (these spinal nerves hitch a ride with CN 12 to reach the hyoid muscles)

Front 39

Hypoglossal passes

Back 39

lateral to the internal and external carotids

Front 40

Hypoglossal innervates

Back 40

styloglossus, hyoglossus, genioglossus and intrinsic muscles of the tongue

Front 41

o Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion & Sympathetic Trunk characterisitcs

Back 41

Vasomotor
 Posterior and medial to the carotid sheath
 Internal carotid nerve: passes from the superior end of the cervical ganglion to the internal carotid artery

Front 42

Pharyngeal Plexus includes innervation from

Back 42

CN 9, 10 & 11. CN 10 and 11 provide motor innervation and CN 9 provides sensation/sensory to the pharynx

Front 43

o Nasopharynx ends at

Back 43

Choana

Front 44

 Pharyngotympanic (Auditory/Eustachian) tube-connect to

Back 44

middle ear

Front 45

 Pharyngeal tonsil: at

Back 45

pharyngeal recess

Front 46

o Oropharynx-posterior to oral cavity~epiglottis contains

Back 46

 Palatoglossal fold/palatoglossus m
 Palatopharyngeal fold/palatopharyngeus m
 Palatine tonsil: between palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
 Fauces