Anantomy Chp 1-2

Front 1

What is anatomy?

Back 1

Study of Structure

Front 2

What is etymology of anatomy?

Back 2

To cut up

Front 3

What is Physiology?

Back 3

Study of the function of the body's structure

Front 4

Study of anatomical structures that can't be viewed by the unaided eye?

Back 4

Microscopic anatomy

Front 5

Study of anatomical structures that are visible to the unaided eye?

Back 5

gross anatomy

Front 6

anatomical position, 5 details

Back 6

standing upright
feet parelell, flat on ground
head level
palms forward

Front 7

Actual cut or slice to expose the internal anatomy?

Back 7

section

Front 8

Imaginary flat surface passing through the body?

Back 8

planes

Front 9

what plane passes vertically through the body and divides it into front and back portions?

Back 9

Coronal plane

Front 10

What plane divides the body into superior and anterior portions?

Back 10

Transverse

Front 11

What plane passes vertically through the body dividing it into right and left portions?

Back 11

Sagittal

Front 12

What plane divides the body into right and left halves?

Back 12

Midsagittal

Front 13

What minor plane passes through the body at an angle?

Back 13

Oblique

Front 14

Term for in the front or towards the front surface?

Back 14

Anterior

Front 15

Term for in back or towards the back surface?

Back 15

Posterior

Front 16

Term for at the backside of body?

Back 16

Dorsal

Front 17

Term for at belly-side of the body?

Back 17

Ventral

Front 18

Term for towards inside of the body or underneath?

Back 18

deep

Front 19

Term for outside or closer to the surface?

Back 19

Superficial

Front 20

Term for toward the midline of the body?

Back 20

Medial

Front 21

Term for away from the midline of the body?

Back 21

Lateral

Front 22

Anatomical term for the head?

Back 22

Cephalic Region

Front 23

The braincase?

Back 23

Cranium
Cranial Region

Front 24

region of the face associated withe the eyes?

Back 24

Ocular
Orbital region

Front 25

Term for the cheek?

Back 25

Buccal Region?

Front 26

Term for the mouth?

Back 26

Oral region

Front 27

Term for the chin?

Back 27

mental region

Front 28

Term for the neck?

Back 28

Cervical Region

Front 29

Term for the back of the body from the base of the neck to the end of the spine?

Back 29

Dorsum
Dorsal Region

Front 30

Term for the small of the back?

Back 30

Lumbar region

Front 31

Term for the chest?

Back 31

Thoracic

Front 32

Term for the naval?

Back 32

Umbilicus

Front 33

Term for the armpit?

Back 33

Axilla
Axillary region/ fossa

Front 34

Term for the portion of the upper limb between the shoulder and the elbow?

Back 34

Brachium

Front 35

Term for the front of the elbow?

Back 35

Antecubital fossa/region

Front 36

Term for the portion of the upper limb between the elbow and the wrist?

Back 36

Antebrachium

Front 37

Term for the wrist?

Back 37

Carpus
Carpal region

Front 38

Term for the finger and toes?

Back 38

Digits
Digital region

Front 39

Term for the hand formed by the metacarpals?

Back 39

Palmar Region

Front 40

Term for the anterior portion of the fingers?

Back 40

Flexor surface

Front 41

Term for the posterior portion of the fingers?

Back 41

Extensor surface

Front 42

Term for the thumb?

Back 42

Pollex

Front 43

Term for the anterior region where a fold is created as the torso meets the thigh?

Back 43

Inguinal region

Front 44

Term for the area overlying the pubic bones?

Back 44

Pubic Region

Front 45

Term for the region of the pelvis associated with the large posterior hip muscles?

Back 45

Gluteus or Buttocks
Gluteal Region

Front 46

Term for the region between the pubic symphysis, the coccyx, and the ischial tuberosities?

Back 46

Perineum

Front 47

Term for the portion of the lower limb from the hip to the knee?

Back 47

Femoral region

Front 48

Term for the the region overlying the kneecap?

Back 48

Patellar region

Front 49

Term for the area on the posterior aspect of the knee?

Back 49

Popliteal region

Front 50

Term for the portion of the lower limb from the knee to the ankle?

Back 50

Crural Region

Front 51

Term for the foot?

Back 51

Pes
Pedal region

Front 52

Term for the sole of the foot?

Back 52

Plantar Surface

Front 53

Term for the great big toe?

Back 53

Hallux

Front 54

cavity that hold the brain and spinal cord?

Back 54

Dorsal

Front 55

Cavity that holds the brain?

Back 55

Cranial cavity

Front 56

Cavity that holds the spinal cord?

Back 56

Vertebral Cavity

Front 57

Cavity that contains the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, uninary, and reproductive systems?

Back 57

Ventral Cavity

Front 58

Cavity that contains all the digestive, urinary, and internal reproductive organs (adrenal glands and spleen)?

Back 58

Abdominal Cavity

Front 59

cavity that contains the ribs and the vertebral column, and holds the heart and lungs?

Back 59

Thoracic Cavity

Front 60

Muscular partition separates the ventral cavity into two smaller cavities?

Back 60

Diaphragm

Front 61

Type of membrane lines the ventral cavity?

Back 61

Serous Membrane

Front 62

What layer of the membrane adheres to the internal surface of the body wall?

Back 62

Parietal layer

Front 63

What layer of the membrane adheres to the external surface of the internal organs?

Back 63

Visceral layer

Front 64

The space between the two layers of the membranes lining the ventral cavity? And function?

Back 64

Serous cavity
Lubrication

Front 65

Median space that contains the heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels? but not lungs?

Back 65

Mediastinum

Front 66

Serous membrane that surrounds the heart?

Back 66

pericardium

Front 67

What membrane layer forms the heart's extrenal surface

Back 67

Visceral pericardium

Front 68

What membrane layer forms the sac surrounding the heart?

Back 68

Parietal pericardium

Front 69

Cavity surrounding the heart?

Back 69

Pericardial cavity

Front 70

Serous membrane associated with the lungs?

Back 70

pleura

Front 71

Serous membrane associated with the lungs adheres directly to the lungs?

Back 71

Visceral pluera

Front 72

Serous membrane associated that adheres to the internal thoracic wall?

Back 72

parietal pleura

Front 73

Cavity between the lungs and the thoracic wall?

Back 73

Pleural cavity

Front 74

Cavity that houses most of the digestive organs, kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands, and spleen?

Back 74

Abdominal cavity

Front 75

Cavity houses the bladder, internal reproductive organs, rectum?

Back 75

Pelvic cavity

Front 76

Serous membrane lines the abdominal cavity?

Back 76

Peritoneum

Front 77

Serous membrane lining the abdominalpelvic cavity lines the internal wall of cavity?

Back 77

Parietal peritoneum

Front 78

Serous membrane lining the abdominalpelvic cavity creates a sheath around the external surface of most digestive organs?

Back 78

Visceral peritoneum

Front 79

Cavity that lies between the two layers of the membrane lining the abdominal cavity?

Back 79

peritoneal cavity

Front 80

Study of Cells?

Back 80

Cytology

Front 81

Two basic types of cells found in the body?

Back 81

Gametes
Somatic cells

Front 82

5 parts of a typical cell

Back 82

Plasma membrane
Extracellular fluid/intrecellular fluid
Cytoplasm
Cytosol
Organelles

Front 83

4 general functions on the plasma membrane

Back 83

Physical isolation
Regulation of exchange
sensitivity- receptors
structural support

Front 84

Basic type of molecule is insoluble in water and composed of mostly carbon and hydrogen?

Back 84

Lipids: fats, oils, and steroids

Front 85

Type of molecule that forms the majority of the plasma membrane?

Back 85

Phospholipids

Front 86

Molecules that keeps the cytoplasm and intercellular fluid separated?

Back 86

Polar head, non-polar tail

Front 87

Type of macromolecule is large, complex, and composed of amino acids chains?

Back 87

Proteins

Front 88

Term for the numerous, thin fold of plasma membrane that project from the free surface of some cells? Function?

Back 88

Microvilli
Increase surface area

Front 89

Term for substances stored within the cytosol?

Back 89

Inclusions

Front 90

define organelle

Back 90

Little organs
Complex, organized structures with unique characteristic shapes

Front 91

Non-membrane bound organelles are composed of two granules made of RNA and protein?
Function?

Back 91

Ribosome
Synthesize protein

Front 92

Term for internal protein framework that gives the cytoplasm the strength and flexibility

Back 92

Cytoskeleton

Front 93

Non-membrane bound organelles are cylindrical structures composed of short microtubules that direct movement during cell division?

Back 93

Centriole

Front 94

Non-membrane organelles are composed of short cellular projections microtubules that usually occur in multiples?

Back 94

Cilia

Front 95

Non-membrane organelles are composed of long cellular projections microtubules that usually occur singularly? Find where?

Back 95

Flagella
Mature sperm cells

Front 96

Membrane bound organelles have double membrane their own DNA and the "powerhouse"?
Function?

Back 96

Mitochondria
Synthesis ATP during cellular respiration

Front 97

Membrane bound organelles determines the structural and functional characteristics of the cells by controlling what proteins are systhesized and in what amounts?

Back 97

Nucleus

Front 98

What is the complete term for DNA?

Back 98

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Front 99

Term for RNA?

Back 99

Ribonucleic Acid

Front 100

Organelle is an intercellular membrane network forming hallow tubes, flattened sheets, and rounded chambers associated with ribosomes?

Back 100

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Front 101

what makes rough ER appear rough?
Function

Back 101

Ribosomes
Proteins, secretory proteins, membrane protein, deliver to golgi apparatus

Front 102

Organelle is an intercellular membrane network forming hallow tubes, flattened sheets, and rounded chambers associated without ribosomes? Function?

Back 102

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Synthesizes lipids
metabolizes carbs
stores calcium

Front 103

Membranous organelle is a stack of sacs and assiociated vesicles that packs material in vesicles for transport?

Back 103

Golgi Apparatus

Front 104

Digestive enzyme containing vesicles, when never leave the cytoplasm but instead fuse with incoming vesicles or damaged organelles and digest them?

Back 104

Lysosomes

Front 105

Vesicles that contain enzymes generated by free ribosomes which break down fatty acids and other organic compounds?

Back 105

Peroxisomes