Analytical Chemistry

Front 1

What are Gravimetric Methods?

Back 1

Quantitative methods that are based on determining the mass of a pure compound to which the analyte is chemically related.

Front 2

What's a colloid?

Back 2

solids particles that are less than 10^-4 cm in diameter

Front 3

What's a supersaturated solution?

Back 3

An unstable solution that contains a higher solute concentration than saturated solution.

Front 4

What is nucleation?

Back 4

a process in which minimum amount of atoms, particles and molecules join together to make a stable solid

Front 5

What is Particle Growth?

Back 5

When multiple particles collide with each other and they grow and become bigger

Front 6

What's adsorption?

Back 6

a process which a substance is held on the surface of a solid

Front 7

What's absorption?

Back 7

The retention of a substance within the pores of a solid

Front 8

Why is a colliodial precipitate not desired?

Back 8

It's difficult to filter

Front 9

What's digestion?

Back 9

A process in which a precipitate is heated in the solution from which it was formed (the mother liquor) and allowed to stand in contact with the solution.

Front 10

What does digestion improve?

Back 10

The purity and filterability of colloidal and crystalline precipitates

Front 11

What are the four types of co-precipitation?

Back 11

Surface absorption, mixed-crystal formation, occulsion, and mechanical entrapment

Front 12

What's co-precipitation?

Back 12

a process which a normally soluble compounds are carried out by a precipitate

Front 13

What's a mother liquor?

Back 13

the solution in which a precipitate was formed

Front 14

What's mixed crystal formation?

Back 14

a type of co-precipitation in which a contaminant ion replaces an ion in the lattice of a crystal

Front 15

What's occlusion?

Back 15

A type of co-precipitate in which a compound is trapped within a pocket formed during pocket growth

Front 16

When does mechanical entrapment occur?

Back 16

When crystals lie close together during growth. Several crystals grow together and in so doing trap a portion of the solution in a tiny pocket.

Front 17

What's a primary standard?

Back 17

An ultrapure compound that serves as a reference material for titration or another type of qualitative analysis

Front 18

What's a secondary standard?

Back 18

A compound whose purity has been determined by chemical analysis.

Front 19

What does a secondary standard serve as?

Back 19

The working standard for material for titrations and for many analysis

Front 20

What is standardization?

Back 20

Where the concentration of a volumetric solution has been determined titrating it against a carefully measured quantity of a primary or secondary standard or an exactly known volume of another standard solution.

Front 21

What's a back titration?

Back 21

a process where the excess of a standard solution is used to consume an analyte is determined by titration of a second standard solution

Front 22

What's a titration curve?

Back 22

Plots of concentration related variable against a titrant volume

Front 23

What's a millimole?

Back 23

1000th of a mole, often used in titration calculations for its small number being easier to work with

Front 24

What's a stochiometric ratio?

Back 24

The ratio of which a chemical in a chemical equation is balanced with (I.e. 1:1, 1:2, 1:5)

Front 25

What's precipitation?

Back 25

the process of which a solid phase forms and is carried out in a solution when the solubility product of a chemical is exceeded

Front 26

What's agglomerate mean?

Back 26

to collect in a mass or a group

(Ex. The colloid agglomerate)

Front 27

What's a chelating agent?

Back 27

An organic compound that contains two or more electron donor groups located in such a configuration that five- or six-membered rings are formed when the donor groups complex a cation.