Anaerobic Metabolism

Front 1

Again, Pyruvate-> Acetyl CoA happens thanks to ...

Back 1

PDH

Front 2

Pyruvate->acetyl CoA ... who is oxidized who is reduced

Back 2

pyr = oxidized
NAD+ is reduced

Front 3

PDH substrates influence the rxn how?

Back 3

by inhibiting a kinase (that inhibits PDH), which allows the rxn to carry out

Front 4

PDH products influence rxn by?

Back 4

allosterically activating the kinase (that inhibits PDH), therefore inhibiting the overall rxn

Front 5

How to ADP/ATP & NAD+/NADH regulate PDH?

Back 5

ATP inhibits by "saying" we have enough energy, while ADP indicates energy use and therefore need.

NAD+ says we are ox phosing = need ATP!
NADH says not much ox phosing round here = no need, chill

Front 6

High levels of acetyl CoA indicate two possible issues...?

Back 6

high B-oxidation or low TCA activity

Front 7

- are completely ANaerobic?

Back 7

RBCs ---- other low aerobics include eye, skin cells,

Front 8

When do myocardial cells use lactate?

Back 8

Fed state only

Front 9

In fed state, lactate in excess of ATP need is converted to -

Back 9

FA for storage

Front 10

What does lactate provide in fasted state?

Back 10

carbons for glucose synthesis

Front 11

This is a conceptual way of representing the recycling of lactate for gluconeogenesis...and when is this cycle active?

Back 11

Cori Cycle that is active in fasted state

Front 12

Discuss/List whatever, what happens to the NADH electrons (regarding glycerol-3P shuttle)

Back 12

Glucose->pyruvate yields NADH, whose electrons are taken from dihydroxyacetone-P and put on glycerol-3P via glycerol-3P dehydrogenase. Glyc-3P crosses mito membrane handing off electrons to FAD creating FADH2. This reforms dihy.acet-P that starts cycle over again.

Front 13

Glucose-6-P comes from? goes to?

Back 13

is an intermediate that goes to PPP

Front 14

the glycolytic intermediate 1,3 BPG produces?

Back 14

2,3 BPG

Front 15

3-phosphoglycerate is a product of ?

Back 15

catabolized 2,3BPG (or potentially 1,3BPG)

Front 16

What is the cost of the process of 2,3BPG->1,3BPG-->3,phosphoglycerate?

Back 16

1 ATP

Front 17

Carbohydrate carbons can be stored as - , but first must be converted to -

Back 17

can be stored as FA, but must be converted to acetyl CoA after going through glycolysis & portion of TCA. Of course our friend pyruvate dehydro is involved here as well.

Front 18

List 4 things pyruvate can be converted to....go!

Back 18

Lactate, Oxaloacetate, Acetyl CoA, Alanine..whew

Front 19

Pyruvate to acetyl coa, oxaloacetate, alanine, and lactate via which enzymes for each?

Back 19

pyruvate dehydro
pyruvate carboxylase
transamination (see TCA lecture)
lactate dehydro