Ana: Nervous System Ii

Front 1

Define what is meant by the term autonomic nervous system.

Back 1

1. system coordinates visceral activities
2. maintains homeostasis by adjusting to changes in the body or environment
3. Ans in location in both CNS and PNS

Front 2

Describe what is meant by the terms GVA and GVE fibers

Back 2

GVA: sensory nerves monitoring changes in viscera (organs) and bring that information to the CNS. This information travels with somatic components to assists in regulation of the heart, respiration.

- cell body in DRG (only afferent fibers)
- neither sym or parasym

GVE: Motor nerves providing innervation to mainly smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glands. fiber have origins in the CNS.

- Pre/postganglionic
- sym/parasym.

GSA/GSE: skeletal mm.

Front 3

Distinguish between GVE and GSE fibers.

Back 3

GVE has two neuron chain
1. CNS -> ganglion via preganglionic fiber
2. ganglion to target via postganglionic fiber.

Ganglia: cell bodies in peripheral nervous system.

Front 4

List and describe the ganglia used by GVE fibers.

Back 4

(not DRG)
1. lateral (paravertebral ganglia): paired structures along side the vertebral column (sympathetic trunk)

2. collateral (prevertebral) ganglia: structures located anterior to the vertebral column in the abdomen.

3. Terminal Ganglia: there structures are found in/near walls of organs; small size cannot be observed (in cardiac/pulmonary plexuses.

Front 5

Describe the organization of the sympathetic divisions of ANS

Back 5

origin: pregang fiber
site of synapse: postgang fiber

A. Spinal Cord levels T1-L2:
Site of synapse: sympathetic chain ganglia (paravertebral gang)
Innvervation:
1. cardiac muscle
2. smooth muscle in gladns of body walls
3. visera of thorax, abdomen, pelvis

B. Thoracic splanchnic nerves T5-T12:
Synapse: Prevertebral ganglia (celiac, aorticorenal)
Innervate:
1. Smooth muscle and glands of abdominal viscera

C. Lumbar splanchnic nn L1, L2
synpase: prevertebral ganglia (intermesenteric and pelvic ganglia)
innervate:
1. smooth mm and glands of abdominal and pelvic viscera.

Front 6

Describe the organization of the parasympathetic divisions of ANS.

Back 6

A. Cranial nerves III, VII, IX
Synapse: 4 cranial ganglia
Innervate: glands and smooth muscle of the head.

B. Cranial nerve X
Synapse: Terminal ganglia
Innervate:
1. pharynx
2. larynx
3. thoracic and abdominal viscera

C. Pelvic Splanchinic serves S2, 3, 4
Synpase: terminal ganglia
Innervate: Abdominal and pelvic viscera

Front 7

Describe the components of the cardiac, pulmonary and esophageal plexuses.

Back 7

Sym and parasym fibers to heart, lung, esophagus are mixed togehr

1. left/right vagus nerve
2. pulmonary plexus
3. esophageal plexus
4. cardiac plexus
5. Sympathetic chain

Front 8

Describe the origin of preganglionic (GVE) fibers in the sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous system.

Back 8

SYM: T1-L2

PARA: CN3,7,9,10 and S2,3,4

Front 9

Describe the patterns preganglionic fibers may take to enter the sympathetic
chain and synapse on postganglionic neurons.

Back 9

PREGANG:
spinal cord -> ventral root -> spinal nerve -> ventral ramus -> white rami communican -> sym chain ganglion

Postgang:
sym chain ganglion -> grey rami communica -> dorsal/ventral rami -> target

Front 10

Differentiate between white and gray rami communicans.

Back 10

Gray: every spinal nerve receive, postgang

White: only T1-L2 Sym & Pregang
GVE sym pregang, GVA

Front 11

Identify the location of POSTganglionic neurons in the sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous systems.

Back 11

SYM:
Sympathetic chain which is the extire vertebral column.

PARA
In the walls of the target viscera.

Front 12

Describe the pattern of innervation of the heart

Back 12

From: para (vagus) OR sym (spinal cord T1-T4)
1. cardiac plexus
2. SA node
3. AV node
4. bundle of His (AV bundle)
5. R/L bundle branches (includ. Purkinje fibers).