• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/49

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

49 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What group of neck muscles lies superior to the hyoid bone? Inferior?
Suprahyoid muscles, infrahyoid muscles
What are the sources of innervation of the sternocleidomastiod: Motor and proprioception?
CN XI=motor
procrioception via C2 and C3
What is torticollis, its 2 forms and which is most common?
Torticollis is a laterally flexed neck due to SCM spasm

Congenital torticollis is most common

Spasmodic torticollis
What level is the hyoid bone located at?
C3
What are the parts of the hyoid bone?
Body, greater and lesser horns
What muscle is located in the superficial fascial of the neck and what is it innervation?
Platysma, CN VII
What are the 3 layers of deep cervical fascia in the neck? Function?
Investing layer, pretracheal, and prevertebral

Control the spread of fluids
Where is the investing layer of deep cervical fascia of the neck located and what structures lie within it? What fascial structure is it continuous with?
Encircles the neck, contains the SCM, trapezius, and submandibular gland.
Continuous with the capsule of the parotid gland
What are the superior attachments of the investing layer of DCF?
Superior nuchal line, mastoid process, zygomatic arch and spinous processes of cervical vertebrae
What are the inferior attachments of the investing layer of DCF?
Acromion\spine of scapula, clavicle, manubrium
What space is created by the attachment of the investing layer of fascia to the manubrium?
suprasternal space
What are the 2 divisions of the pretracheal DCF?
Muscular and visceral
What is the pretracheal DCF continuous with in the thorax?
Pericardium
What muscles are invested by the pretracheal DCF? Why not suprahyoid muscles?
Infrahyoid muscles, because superior attachment is to the hyoid bone
What structures are within the pretracheal fascia?
Thyroid gland, trachea, esophagus
What fascia is the pretracheal fascia continuous with superiorly?
buccopharyngeal fasia
What muscles\structures are invested by the prevertebral fascia and what fascias is it continous with?
Vertebral column, true back muscles, endothoracic fascia and axillary sheaths
Why are the carotid sheaths of clinical concern?
they provide a pathway for infections to spread from the cranium to the mediastinum
What fascial layers is the carotid sheath connected to?
All 3 deep cervical fascial layers of the neck
What are the contents of the carotid sheath?
Common\internal carotid A, Vagus nerve, internal jugular v, deep cervical lymph nodes, sympathetic fibers, carotid sinus nerve
Where is the retropharyngeal space located? Superior and inferior borders\structures? FUnction?
posterior to the pretracheal cervical fascia, closed superiorly at the base of skull, opens to mediastinum
Permits independent movement of viscera and vertebrae
Spread of infection between Investing & muscular pretracheal layers?
Stops at manubrium
Spread of infection between Investing & visceral pretracheal layers?
spreads to thorax
Spread of infection in retroperitoneal space?
affects speech and swallowing but stays contained
If you have swelling\infection within the prevertebral sheath where would it manifest?
You would have bulging in the posterior triangle. Posterior to the SCM
What are the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck?
SCM, trapezius, clavicle

Floor:Prevertebral fascia
Roof:Investing fascia
Apex:superior nuchal line
What 5 muscles form the floor of the posterior triangle?
Splenius capitis, levator scapulae, Posterior\Middle Anterior scalenes
What muscle is just passing through the posterior triangle?
inferior belly of the omohyoid
What is the scalene gap?
Space between the anterior and middle scalenes where the brachial plexus and subclavian A pass through
What is the posterior triangle split into by the inferior belly of the omohyoid m.?
Occipital triangle and the subclavian triangle
What nerve courses along the superficial surface of the levator scapulae muscles through the posterior triangle?
CN XI
Where does the brachal plexus exit the posterior triangle?
Between the clavicle and first rib in the cervicoaxillary sheath
What anterior rami form the cervical plexus? The brachial plexus?
C1-C4, C5-C8
Where is the cervical plexus located?
Deep to the SCM
What anterior rami contribute to the ansa cervicalis? Where is it located?
C1-C3, just external to carotid sheath deep to SCM
What muscles are supplied by the ansa cervicalis?
infrahyoid muscles
What nerve courses along the anterior scalene and what rami give rise to it?
Phrenic, C3,4,5
What are the superficial branches of the cervical plexus(sup to inf) and their spinal nerve levels?
Lesser occipital(C2)
Great auricular(C2-C3)
Transverse cervical(C2-C3)
Supraclavicular nerves(C3-C4)
What is the common convergence of the superficial nerves of the neck?
nerve point of the neck
What are the 2 origins of the subclavian artery?
Right from brachiocephalic trunk

left from aorta
What are the 4 branches of the subclavian artery pertaining to the posterior triangle?
Internal thoracic artery, thyrocervical trunk, vertebral artery, and costocervical trunk
What are the 3 branches of the thyrocervical trunk?
Inferior thyroid, transverse cervical and suprascapular aa
Where does the occipital artery arise? What does it supply?
From the external carotid near the apex of the posterior triangle, posterior scale
Where is the external jugular vein located? What veins\regions does it receive blood from and where does it empty?
Between the platysma and the SCM in the superficial fascia. Drains the scalp and side of face. Recieves blood from the suprascapular, transverse cervical and anterior jugular vv
What are the 2 divisions of lymph in the neck and what veins do they follow? Clinical correlation?
Deep follows the internal jugular vein, superficial follows the external jugular vein. Inferior deep cervical nodes serve as sentinal nodes for metastisis from thorax and abdomen
What structures form the roof and floor of the anterior triangle?
Roof= platysma
Floor=larynx, pharynx, and thyroid gland
Give the skeletal stuctures from superior to inferior that are located in the anterior triangle?
Hyoid bone, thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, trachal rings
What are the 3 suprahyoid muscles?
myelohyoid, stylohyoid, digastics(anterior and posterior belly)
What are the infrahyoid muscles?
Omohyoid,sternohyoid, sternohyoid,thyrohyoid