Ana 1522 G52 Plantar Foot

Front 1

What are the 3 types of bones in the foot?

Back 1

Tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

Front 2

What joint is formed by the talus?

Back 2

Talocrural joint with the tibia and fibula

Front 3

What is the bone in the foot that transmits weight to the ground?

Back 3

Calcaneus

Front 4

What are the functions of the sustentaculum tali?

Back 4

Supports head of talus and provides a groove for FHL

Front 5

What are the tarsal bones of the foot?

Back 5

Navicular, cuboid, 3 cuniformis bones:medial, intermediate and lateral

Front 6

What metatarsals articulate with the cuboid bone?

Back 6

lateral 2 MT's

Front 7

What is the most robust metatarsal, longest metatarsal, metatarsal with tuberosity for fibularis brevis?

Back 7

1st, 2nd, 5th

Front 8

How many phalanges does each digit of the foot have?

Back 8

1st= proximal, distal
2-5th=proximal, middle and distal

Front 9

What are rays of the foot?

Back 9

Clinical term used to describe an entire digit and its metatarsal,and phalange components

Front 10

What joints are used for inversion and eversion of the foot?

Back 10

Subtalar and the transverse tarsal joints

Front 11

What are the joints of the digits?

Back 11

Metatarsophalangeal, prox\distal interphalageal joints: MTP,DIP, PIP

Front 12

Where does abduction and adduction of the digits occur and what digit is referenced to visualize it?

Back 12

Occurs at MTP joints and is relative to the 2nd digit

Front 13

What are the 3 osteological regions of the foot and the bones within them?

Back 13

Hindfoot:talus,calcaneus
Midfoot: Navicular, cuboid,cuneformis
Forefoot:Metatarsals and phalanges

Front 14

What are the functions of the plantar fascia?

Back 14

Cover plantar and lateral foot, forms plantar aponeurosis with slips to all 5 digits, protects deep structures from injury, arch support

Front 15

What are the 5 facial compartments of the foot?

Back 15

Medial, central, lateral, interosseus, dorsal

Front 16

What structures are in the medial fascial compartment of the foot?

Back 16

AbH, FHL tendon, FHB, medial plantar van

Front 17

What structures are in the central fascial compartment of the foot?

Back 17

FDB, FDL Tendon, FHL, tendon, lateral plantar van

Front 18

What structures are in the laterall fascial compartment of the foot?

Back 18

AbDM, FDMB

Front 19

What structures are in the interosseous fascial compartment of the foot?

Back 19

interossei, metatarsals

Front 20

What structures are in the dorsal fascial compartment of the foot?

Back 20

EHB, EDB, dorsal van

Front 21

Where does the FHL course with respect to fascial compartments?

Back 21

central to medial

Front 22

Where do deep plantar foot infections go, how are they treated?

Back 22

They localize, increase pressure and are released surgically

Front 23

What are the 3 muscles of layer 1 of the foot and the innervation for each muscle?

Back 23

Lateral to medial:
Abductor digit minimi-lateral plantar n.
Flexor digitorum brevis-medial plantar n
Abductor hallucis- medial plantar n

Front 24

What are the structures of the 2nd layer of the foot and innervation?

Back 24

Quadratus plantae-lateral plantar n
Lumbricals- 1st:medial plantar n
2nd to 4th: lateral plantar nerves
FDL and FHL tendons

Front 25

Where do the lumbricals of the foot attach?

Back 25

From FDL tendons to extensor expansions

Front 26

What are the muscles of the 3rd layer of the foot and innervation?

Back 26

Flexor digiti minimi brevis- lateral plantar n.
Abductor hallucis- medial plantar n
Flexor hallucis brevis- medial plantar n

Front 27

Where is the flexor digiti minimi longus?

Back 27

Doesnt' exist

Front 28

What are the 2 heads of the Abductor hallucis and FHB?

Back 28

AH=transverse and oblique
FHB=medial and lateral

Front 29

WHat are the muscles of the 4th layer of the foot, innervation?

Back 29

Plantar interossei-lateral plantar n
Dorsal interossei- lateral plantar n

Front 30

WHat are the actions and attachments of the plantar interossei and dorsal interossei muscles?

Back 30

Plantar ADduct 3-5-PAD
Dorsal ABduct 2-4-DAB
both flex MCP joint

Front 31

Where does the medial plantar nerve course and what does it innervate?

Back 31

Runs between FDB and AbH and diverges at MT base

Motor-AbH,FDB, FHB, 1st lumbrical

Sensory, medial sole of foot, 3 1\2 digits

Front 32

Where does the lateral plantar nerve course and what does it innervate?

Back 32

Runs between the FDB and qudratus plantae and innervates

Front 33

What nerves form the common plantar digital nerves and proper plantar digital nerves?

Back 33

Medial and lateral plantar nerves

Front 34

What nerves supply the plantar surface of the foot?

Back 34

Medial and lateral plantar nn
Saphenous n
Sural n
Tibial n(calcaneal branch

Front 35

What does the plantar reflex test?

Back 35

L4-S2

Front 36

What is the Babinski sign?

Back 36

Plantar reflex test causes dorsiflexion of 1st digit and fanning of 2-5, sign of nerurological damage, normal in kids <4

Front 37

What are the plantar arteries that the posterior tibial artery gives rise to?

Back 37

Medial and lateral plantar arteries
Deep plantar arch
plantar metatarsal arteries
plantar digital arteries

Front 38

Which arteries of the plantar foot anastamose with the dorsal foot arteries?

Back 38

Deep plantar artery is a branch of the dorsalis pedis
Perforating branches off deep plantar arch to arcuate artery

Front 39

Where does lateral venous drainage of the foot go?

Back 39

Lateral marginal veins to small saphenous vein

Front 40

Where does medial venous drainage of the foot go?

Back 40

medial marginal veins to greater saphenous verins

Front 41

What is the Babinski sign?

Back 41

Plantar reflex test causes dorsiflexion of 1st digit and fanning of 2-5, sign of nerurological damage, normal in kids <4

Front 42

What are the plantar arteries that the posterior tibial artery gives rise to?

Back 42

Medial and lateral plantar arteries
Deep plantar arch
plantar metatarsal arteries
plantar digital arteries

Front 43

Which arteries of the plantar foot anastamose with the dorsal foot arteries?

Back 43

Deep plantar artery is a branch of the dorsalis pedis
Perforating branches off deep plantar arch to arcuate artery

Front 44

Where does lateral venous drainage of the foot go?

Back 44

Lateral marginal veins to small saphenous vein

Front 45

Where does medial venous drainage of the foot go?

Back 45

medial marginal veins to greater saphenous verins

Front 46

Where does the tibialis anterior insert?

Back 46

On the medial cuniform and the 1st MT

Front 47

WHat is the action and insertion of the extensor digitorum longus?

Back 47

Extends the 2-5th digits, inserts on extensor expansions

Front 48

How does the extensor expansion bind the digits?

Back 48

Attached at proximal phalaynx, central slip to the distal phalaynx and 2 lateral slips to middle

Front 49

WHere does the extensor hallucis longus insert?

Back 49

On distal phalaynx of the 1st digit

Front 50

Where does the Fibularis tertius arise and where does it insert?

Back 50

Shares a muscle belly with Extensor digitorum longus, inserts on 5th metacarpal base

Front 51

Where do the extensor digitorum brevis and extensor hallucis brevis originate and insert? Innervation?

Back 51

EDB=Calcaneus to proximal phalanges of 2-4

EHB=calcaneus to proximal phalaynx of digit 1

Deep fibular nerve

Front 52

Where does the Fibularis longus muscle course?

Back 52

Deep to sup\inf fibular retinacula, posterior to lateral malleolus around the 5th MT and inserts on medial cuniform

Front 53

Where does the fibularis brevis course then insert?

Back 53

Posterior to lateral malleolus and deep to sup\inf fibular retinacula then inserts on the 5th MT

Front 54

WHere does the common fibular nerve arise? Where does it branch?

Back 54

Arises from the sciatic nerve, courses around fibular head then splits into deep and superficial branches

Front 55

Where does the deep fibular nerve run?

Back 55

Between tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus\extensor hallucis longus

Front 56

What does the deep fibular nerve innervate?

Back 56

Motor to anterior compartment muscles and the muscles of the dorsal foot

Sensory to the web between digits 1 and 2

Front 57

Where does the superficial fibular nerve course? Innervation?

Back 57

Between the Fibularis longus and brevis, Innervates lateral compartment,
sensory to anterolateral leg and dorsal foot

Front 58

What dermatomes supply the anterior leg, lateral leg, and dorsal foot?

Back 58

Anterior leg=L4,L5
Lateral leg= L5, S1
dorsal foot= Medial-L4
rays 2-4=L5
Ray 5= S1

Front 59

Where does the anterior tibial arise?

Back 59

From the popliteal artery, perforates interosseus membrane to reach the anterior compartment

Front 60

What does the anterior tibial artery course with?

Back 60

Deep fibular nerve

Front 61

How is blood supplied to the lateral compartment?

Back 61

Perforating branches of the posterior and anterior tibial arteries

Front 62

What does the anterior tibial artery terminate as?

Back 62

dorsalis pedis

Front 63

What are the arteries that supply the dorsal foot?

Back 63

Dorsalis pedis, arcuate artery, dorsal metatarsal artery, dorsal digital artery

Front 64

What are the anastamoses of the dorsal foot?

Back 64

Perforating branch of fibular artery to lateral tarsal a.
Lateral tarsal to arcuate artery
Deep plantar artery to deep dorsal arch
Perforating aa of deep dorsal arch hook to dorsal metacarpal a

Front 65

WHere does the fibular artery arise and what does it supply?

Back 65

A branch of the posterior tibial artery that supplies the posterior compartment and the lateral compartment via perforating branches