An - Quiz 1

Front 1

Father of Medicine

Back 1

Hippocrates - 1st to make analogy between medicine and food

Front 2

Leonardo Da Vinci

Back 2

compared metabolism to a burning candle - when nutrients are digested, they are degraded to produce heat.

Front 3

Scurvy is a deficiency of...

Back 3

vitamin C - James Lind

Front 4

Water soluble vitamins

Back 4

C and B

Front 5

Fat Soluble vitamins

Back 5

A, D ,E, K

Front 6

Father of Nutrition and Chemistry

Back 6

Antoine Lavoisier - gave O2 it's name

Front 7

All foods are composed of...

Back 7

O, N, H, C

Front 8

1st to point out chemical makeup of carbs, fats and proteins...

Back 8

Justus Liebig

Front 9

Beriberi is a deficiency in ...

Back 9

Vit B

Front 10

E.V. McCollum ...

Back 10

discovered Vit A - rats fed butter were healthier than those fed lard.

Front 11

1st to coin the term "vitamin"

Back 11

Dr. Casmir Funk. (vital amine)

Front 12

Discovered essential amino acids (building blocks of proteins)

Back 12

William Rose

Front 13

created term "orthomolecular nutrition"

Back 13

Linus Pauling - giving body right molecules in right concentrations, nutrients could be used by people to achieve better health.

Front 14

Nutrients include:

Back 14

Water, Lipids, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals and Carbohydrates.

Front 15

Nutrients:

Back 15

substances essential for life that must be supplied by food.

Front 16

Essential Nutrients:

Back 16

must be supplied by diet

Front 17

Fiber

Back 17

indigestable portion of food

Front 18

Digestion

Back 18

physical, chemical adn enzymatic breakdown of food - takes place in the stomach

Front 19

Absorption

Back 19

movement of substances from the DT to the blood or lymph - takes place int the small intestine

Front 20

Metabolism

Back 20

anabolism + catabolism

Front 21

Anabolism

Back 21

building up of body tissue and chemical components

Front 22

Catabolism

Back 22

breaking down of body tissue and chemical components

Front 23

Enzyme

Back 23

protein in the body that can accelerate chemical reactions.

Front 24

Hormone

Back 24

chemical compound produced in one part of an organ, that initiates or regulates the activity of another part of the body (thyroid, estrogen, testosterone, insulin...)

Front 25

Immune system

Back 25

system of substances and organs that protect the body against disease and infections.

Front 26

Probiotics

Back 26

organisms and substances which contribute to intestinal health

Front 27

Glycolosis

Back 27

splitting of glucose

Front 28

2 major organism groups...

Back 28

autotroph and heterotroph

Front 29

Autotrophs require:

Back 29

simple inorganic molecules - synthesize complex organic molecules

Front 30

Heterotrophs require:

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complex organic molecules - EAT complex organic molecules

Front 31

Anabolism

Back 31

building up of body tissue and chemical components

Front 32

Catabolism

Back 32

breaking down of body tissue and chemical components

Front 33

Enzyme

Back 33

protein in the body that can accelerate chemical reactions.

Front 34

Hormone

Back 34

chemical compound produced in one part of an organ, that initiates or regulates the activity of another part of the body (thyroid, estrogen, testosterone, insulin...)

Front 35

Immune system

Back 35

system of substances and organs that protect the body against disease and infections.

Front 36

Probiotics

Back 36

organisms and substances which contribute to intestinal health

Front 37

Glycolosis

Back 37

splitting of glucose

Front 38

2 major organism groups...

Back 38

autotroph and heterotroph

Front 39

Autotrophs require:

Back 39

simple inorganic molecules - synthesize complex organic molecules - photosynthesis

Front 40

Heterotrophs require:

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complex organic molecules - EAT complex organic molecules - combustion

Front 41

Type of organism classified as an autotroph?

Back 41

Higher plants - self feeders

Front 42

Type of organism classified as a heterotroph?

Back 42

animals, fungi, bacteria - one that feeds

Front 43

Functions of GIT:

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Storage, digestion, absorption, rejection, fermentation

Front 44

Abomasum does what?

Back 44

secretion of enzymes (pepsin), pH very low

Front 45

How many chambers in ruminant stomach?

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4 - rumen, abomasum, omazum and reticulum

Front 46

Proximal means...

Back 46

mouth

Front 47

Distal means...

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anus

Front 48

Chick GIT very efficient because of:

Back 48

retroperistalis - gives more time for digiestion, so more efficient

Front 49

Functions of saliva:

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lubrication, initiation of starch digestion, fluid environment for digestion, evaporative cooling

Front 50

Peristalis:

Back 50

contraction and relaxation of muscles

Front 51

3 zones in monogastric stomach

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fundus, corpus and antrum

Front 52

Pepsinogen secreted by:

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Chief Cells

Front 53

Acid secreted by:

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Parietal cells

Front 54

Stimulates acid secretion:

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Smell, taste - gastrin - acetylcholine - histamine - food (protein)

Front 55

Inhibits acid secretion:

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Acid - antihistamine - somatostatin - CCK - Food (fat)

Front 56

Functions of ruminant stomach:

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cellulose digetsion, regurgitation, delivery to omasum and abomasum, eructation of gas

Front 57

Cellulose digestion allows:

Back 57

animals to eat low quality, fibrous foods, that would otherwise not provide much nutrition

Front 58

How does the small intestine increase its surface area?

Back 58

Folded cylinder, villi, microvilli

Front 59

Segmentation:

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serves to mix chyme with enzyme containing digestive fluid

Front 60

Functions of Large Intestine:

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microbial digestion, reabsorption of H2O and electrolytes and movement of intestinal content into rectum