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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Class
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Antidote, Cyanide poisoning adjunct
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Mechanism of Action
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Converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin, which reacts with cyanide and chemically binds with it, preventing any toxic effects
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Indications
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Cyanide Poisoning
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Contraindications
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None in the emergency setting
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Adverse reactions/ side effects
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Headache, dizziness, weakness, increased ICP, shortness of breath, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, syncope, cyanosis of the lips, fingernails or palms (signs of methemoglobinemia)
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Drug Interactions
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Increased hypotensive effects with antihypertensives, alcohol ingestion, phenothiazines, or beta blockers.
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How Supplied
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.3 mL ampules for inhalation
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Dosage and Admin
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Adult: 1-2 ampules crushed and inhaled for 30 seconds or each minute until sodium nitrate is prepared or administered for 30-60 seconds every 5 minuted until pt is conscious.
Pedi:1 ampule crushed and inhaled for 30 seconds of each minute until sodium nitrate is prepared or administered for 30-60 seconds every 5 minutes until pt is conscious. |
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Duration of action
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Onset: 30 seconds to 5 minutes
Peak effect: Varie Duration: 3-5 minutes |
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Special Consideration
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Pregnancy safety. Cat. X. Highly flammable: avoid exposure to heat or flame. Pt should remain seated or supine during and after administration due to hypotensive effects of this medication. Use caution in administering to pt with cerebral hemorrhage, increased ICP, or hypotension. This is the first step in a 3 step treatment for cyanide poisoning followed by sodium nitrate and then sodium thiosulfate.
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