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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain how amoebae are able to move
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They extend cytoplasmic extensions called pseudopodia
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What are the two forms of amoebae?
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The trophozoite (mobile and feeding stage) and the cyst (non-motile resting stage)
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What is the pathogenic intestinal amoebae and how is it transmitted?
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Entamoeba histolytica; it is transmitted by the ingestion of cysts via the fecal-oral route
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What are the symptoms of an infection with E. histolytica?
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Asymptomatic or intestinal symptoms with diarrhea, cramping and abdominal pain (amoebic dysentery); disseminated disease via hematogenous spread that produces "anchovy paste" abscesses in the liver (most common) or spleen, lung, brain
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What is the active virulent component of an infection with entamoeba histolytica?
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The trophozoite
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How is a diagnosis of entamoeba histolytica made?
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Microscopy of the stool or enzyme immunoassay (EIA); ELISA is used to differentiate E. histolytica from E. dispar
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Where do they trophozoites of E. histolytica infect and what does the lesion look like?
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They infect the large intestine and leave characteristic flask-shaped ulceration and tissue destruction
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Into what classification do Giardia fall?
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They are flagellates
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What is responsible for the most common pathogenic parasitic infection in humans?
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Giardia
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How is giardiasis commonly transmitted?
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It is commonly transmitted via water contaminated with the cysts, which are resistant to chlorine
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Where does Giardia usually reside in the human?
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In the small intestine (generally the duodenum)
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What are the symptoms of giardiasis?
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Mild to severe diarrhea, cramping, and malabsorption
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How is giardiasis diagnosed?
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The identification of the "kite-shaped" trophozoites under microscopy
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Why do hikers/campers get Giardiasis?
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Drinking stream water contaminated by animal feces with Giardia
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For what is the string test used?
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It is used to capture trophozoites of giardia from the duodenum for microscopic examination
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How is cryptosporidium parvum diagnosed?
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It is diagnosed by microscopic demonstration of acid-fast oocysts in the stool and detection of the organism in ileal mucosal biopsies
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How is cryptosporidium transmitted?
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It is transmitted most commonly by drinking water contaminated with oocysts
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What are the symptoms of cryptosporidiosis?
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Abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, dehydration and weight loss, fever, nausea, and vomiting
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