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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Give the name of the 5 amino acids that are classified as polar uncharged |
Serine, Threonine, Asparagine, Glutamine, Cysteine |
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What re the characteristics of polar uncharged amino acids |
No distinctive charge, a component of the side chain can form Hydrogen bonds |
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What is special about Cysteine |
It has a reduced sulphur which forms a disulphide |
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Which non polar amino acids are targets for phosphorylation |
Serine and Threonine |
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Which amino acids are aromatic |
Phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan |
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What is a special characteristic of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan |
They absorb light in the UV range |
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What are the characteristics of non polar aliphatic amino acids |
High in carbon and hydrogen, the side chain does not form hydrogen bonds and they are hydrophobic |
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What are the characteristics of positively charged amino acids |
Distinct charge, basic |
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Which amino acids are positively charged |
Lysine, arginine, histidine |
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What is the physiological pH at which lysine and argentine are positive |
7.8 |
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What is unusual about histidine |
Can be neutral or positive at pH7.8 Can be classed as aromatic due to its ring structure Used by enzymes in catabolic reactions |
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What are the characteristics of negative charge amino acids |
Acidic, electrostatic interactions such as salt bridges and they can interact with metals |
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Examples lf negative charge amino acids |
Aspartate and glutamate |
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What are the characteristics of the uncommon amino acids 4Hydroxyproline and 5Hydroxylysine |
Added OH group, found in formation of collagen and linked to scurvy. |
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Why are 4Hydroxyproline and 5Hydroxylysine linked to scurvy |
Enzyme that catalyses the formation of OH required vitamin C as a cofactor, no vitamin C no formation of OH |
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What are the characteristics of 6-N-Methyllysine |
Added CH3, found in myosin, neutral side chain |
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What are the characteristics of gamma Carboxyglutamate |
Added carboxylate, found in prothrombin which is needed for the coagulation of blood. Binds to calcium which is needed for prothrombin to function properly |
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Characteristics of Desmosine |
4 lysine residues Bind to ring structure Found in elastic, facilitated by ring structure |
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What are the characteristics of SelenoCysteine |
Made during translation, formed from serine, formed by bacteria, only in 10-20 proteins. |
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What does GSH peroxides do? Contains selenocysteine |
Detoxification of peroxides |
