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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is SERINE made and regulated?
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SERINE can be made de novo in a pathway that takes 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA) from glycolysis and due to a transamination with glutamate forms SERINE.
It is regulated by SERINE itself repressing the first enzyme 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase and the last ennzyme phosphoserine phosphatase is inhibited by SERINE. |
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What is the major fate of serine (3C)?
How is it done? Why is it important? |
*GLYCINE (2C)
*Done using SERINE hydroxymethhyltransferase and the sigle carbon being captured by tetrahydrofolate (FH4) to form FH4-C1. Reversible. *Important b/c FH4-C1 can donate single carbons to other reactions (nucleotide synthesis, if don't have them can't make DNA and RNA) |
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What is serine hyroxymethyltransferase used for?
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To convert SERINE to GLYCINE and capture a carbon for the single-carbon pool.
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What is the major fate of Glycine?
How can this be accomplished? |
*SERINE
*Can take 1 molecule of GLYCINE if have FH4-C1 to form SERINE. *Can take one molecule of GLYCINE and break it down to NH3,CO2 and FH4-C1 (Glycine Cleavage). Take the FH4-C1 and add it to GLYCINE to form SERINE. (Can be used both ways to dund pool of FH4-C1) |
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What products can glycine make?
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*Serine
*Glutathione *Purines *Porphyrins *Glycocholate *Creatine |
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How is OXALATE poisonous in humans?
What can it be formed from? |
*It forms Ca-OXALATE which is insoluble. When it forms in the kidney, it can cause stones or kidney failure. If it is formed in the gut, it is excreted in feces.
*Ethylene Glycol in the liver. Therapy is beer. |
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How is OXALATE poisonous in humans?
What can it be formed from? |
*It forms Ca-OXALATE which is insoluble. When it forms in the kidney, it can cause stones or kidney failure. If it is formed in the gut, it is excreted in feces.
*Ethylene Glycol in the liver. Therapy is beer. |
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How is OXALATE poisonous in humans?
What can it be formed from? |
*It forms Ca-OXALATE which is insoluble. When it forms in the kidney, it can cause stones or kidney failure. If it is formed in the gut, it is excreted in feces.
*Ethylene Glycol in the liver. Therapy is beer. |
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What is CREATINE formed from?
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Made from aa entirely
*Glycine *Arginine *Methionine (SAM) |
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Where is CREATINE made and what is it used for?
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*starts synthesis in the kidney and is completed in the liver
*exported to muscle and brain for use *if a high concentration of ATP exist, it will form the high E CREATINE PHOSPHATE, that is more energetic than ATP *serves as a high energy resevoir that helps out during stress to phosphoylate ADP to ATP in muscle and brain |
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What is CREATINE formed from?
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Made from aa entirely
*Glycine *Arginine *Methionine (SAM) |
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What is CREATINE formed from?
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Made from aa entirely
*Glycine *Arginine *Methionine (SAM) |
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How is OXALATE poisonous in humans?
What can it be formed from? |
*It forms Ca-OXALATE which is insoluble. When it forms in the kidney, it can cause stones or kidney failure. If it is formed in the gut, it is excreted in feces.
*Ethylene Glycol in the liver. Therapy is beer. |
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Where is CREATINE made and what is it used for?
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*starts synthesis in the kidney and is completed in the liver
*exported to muscle and brain for use *if a high concentration of ATP exist, it will form the high E CREATINE PHOSPHATE, that is more energetic than ATP *serves as a high energy resevoir that helps out during stress to phosphoylate ADP to ATP in muscle and brain |
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How is CREATININE formed and what does it indicate?
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*CREATININE is formed spontaneously and irreversibly from CREATINE PHOSPHATE
*Amount excreted daily is constant and is dependent on muscle mass, so it can be used as a gauge for dtermining the amounts of other compounds excreted in the urine or in the blood. The amount is a signal for kidney function, urine strength, and muscle wasting. |
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How is CREATININE formed and what does it indicate?
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*CREATININE is formed spontaneously and irreversibly from CREATINE PHOSPHATE
*Amount excreted daily is constant and is dependent on muscle mass, so it can be used as a gauge for dtermining the amounts of other compounds excreted in the urine or in the blood. The amount is a signal for kidney function, urine strength, and muscle wasting. |
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Where is CREATINE made and what is it used for?
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*starts synthesis in the kidney and is completed in the liver
*exported to muscle and brain for use *if a high concentration of ATP exist, it will form the high E CREATINE PHOSPHATE, that is more energetic than ATP *serves as a high energy resevoir that helps out during stress to phosphoylate ADP to ATP in muscle and brain |
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What is CREATINE formed from?
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Made from aa entirely
*Glycine *Arginine *Methionine (SAM) |
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Are GLYCINE and SERINE glycogenic or ketogenic?
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*GLUCOGENIC (glycine --> serine --> pyruvate)
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Are GLYCINE and SERINE glycogenic or ketogenic?
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*GLUCOGENIC (glycine --> serine --> pyruvate)
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How is CREATININE formed and what does it indicate?
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*CREATININE is formed spontaneously and irreversibly from CREATINE PHOSPHATE
*Amount excreted daily is constant and is dependent on muscle mass, so it can be used as a gauge for dtermining the amounts of other compounds excreted in the urine or in the blood. The amount is a signal for kidney function, urine strength, and muscle wasting. |
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Where is CREATINE made and what is it used for?
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*starts synthesis in the kidney and is completed in the liver
*exported to muscle and brain for use *if a high concentration of ATP exist, it will form the high E CREATINE PHOSPHATE, that is more energetic than ATP *serves as a high energy resevoir that helps out during stress to phosphoylate ADP to ATP in muscle and brain |
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Are GLYCINE and SERINE glycogenic or ketogenic?
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*GLUCOGENIC (glycine --> serine --> pyruvate)
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How is CREATININE formed and what does it indicate?
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*CREATININE is formed spontaneously and irreversibly from CREATINE PHOSPHATE
*Amount excreted daily is constant and is dependent on muscle mass, so it can be used as a gauge for dtermining the amounts of other compounds excreted in the urine or in the blood. The amount is a signal for kidney function, urine strength, and muscle wasting. |
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Are GLYCINE and SERINE glycogenic or ketogenic?
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*GLUCOGENIC (glycine --> serine --> pyruvate)
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