Amh Final

Front 1

Worcester vs. Georgia

Back 1

John Marshall again rules that the Natives can keep their land. However, the Cherokees were a “Distinct Political Community in need of Fed protection.”

Front 2

Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia

Back 2

John Marshall rules that the Natives can keep their land previously awarded through federal treaties. However, the Cherokees were a “Domestic Dependent Nation” or a “ward of the state.”

Front 3

Slave Resistance

Back 3

- Gold Bricking (faking an illness)
- Run away
- Rebellious

Front 4

Andrew Jackson set what precedent?

Back 4

A federal supreme court ruling without federal (or presidential) backing is meaningless.

Front 5

Why did southern society support system?

Back 5

-Perception of race (give the poor white man status)
-South is an unusually democratic society
-The support of women and family structure.
-Social status (Cavalier Image/Gentlemen)

Front 6

5 civilized tribes

Back 6

1. Cherokee
2. Chickasaw
3. Choctaw
4. Creek
5. Seminole

Front 7

Antietam

Back 7

• After Shiloh, this battle had the most number of casualties
• Ending my hope of the South getting alliance with France and Britain.
o If the South would’ve won the battle, the war would’ve prolonged
o Emancipation proclamation-end slavery!

Front 8

Alexis De Tocqueville: Democracy & Equality
• What might take it away?

Back 8

o More voting rights and less social class distinctions and availability of land
o Manufacturing and industrialization

Front 9

Equality of Opportunity

Back 9

• Perception of race: all white male citizens had an advantage.

Front 10

Spoils System

Back 10

• Rewarded by getting a government position
• More flexible and equal.

Front 11

Views of Andrew Jackson

Back 11

• Common man
• Frontier aristocrat
• King of the land.

Front 12

Market Revolution (Antebellum period: 1820’s to 1850’s)

Back 12

• Farmers were part of an integrated, national economy (based on values)
• Agriculture moves from subsistence to commercial—(you can make or lose money)
• Traded textiles-(lumber, timber, etc)

Front 13

Mexican-American War
• Why the war occurred?

Back 13

o Polk first tries to buy Mexico…they refuse.
o James Polk helps manufactures a war.
END RESULT
o Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Front 14

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Back 14

• New territories become available finally makes the issue slavery in the west a reality.

Front 15

Wilmot Proviso

Back 15

• John Calhoun—nullification: voiding tyrannical, federal laws, if necessary.
o Says that under the 5th Amendment , slaves are legal property; slaves are protected as property; you can take them anywhere you want…He’s for it
• We should prohibit slavery in the new areas that was obtained by the Mexican American War

Front 16

Competing Plans (to wilmot proviso)

Back 16

• Extend Missouri Compromise Line
• Squatter or popular sovereignty
• Free soil ideology

Front 17

Indian Removal Act of 1830

Back 17

1. A federal law that appropriated $ to finance federal negotiations w/ tribes, aimed at relocating them to the west.
2. The law also had a provision allowing removal by force if necessary (pres authority)

Front 18

compromise of 1850. 2 parts

Back 18

• 2 Parts to the Compromise:
o Clay, Webster, and Calhoun represent the old vision:
 Comprehensive, permanent solution
 Wanted to save the unity of the United States.
Douglas, Seward represented the new phase:
 Pragmatic/temporary compromise; Douglas passes 6 separate bills—page 362.
 “self-interest fugitive

Front 19

6 key points on the Kansas and Nebraska Act

Back 19

• The reopening of the slavery question in the territories with almost immediate tragic results in “Bleeding Kansas”
• The president's hope for reelection dashed
• The complete realignment of the major political parties
• The Democrats lost influence in the North and were to become the regional proslavery party of the South
• The Whig Party, which had opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act, died in the South and was weakened in the North
• A new Republican Party emerged as an immediate political force, drawing in anti-Nebraska Whigs and Democrats.

Front 20

Conscription Act

Back 20

• White men of between the ages of 18-35 were to serve 3 years in the military because of the decline in volunteers for this military service.

Front 21

Wartime Repression (North)

Back 21

• Was a tool that strengthened the war.
• Read you your rights, disloyal Northerners were arrested.

Front 22

State Rights & Centralization (South)

Back 22

• States rights were such a cult to white males, that they couldn’t even have national power to win the war.
• Central government experimented with “Food Drafts”—soldiers ate food from whatever seizing crops came in their path.

Front 23

Building an Army:
• North:

Back 23

Enrollment Act—Draft Exemptions
 Substitution
 Commutation

Front 24

Building an army: South

Back 24

o Substitution
o 20 Negro Laws

Front 25

Election of 1864

Back 25

• George McClellan (one of Lincoln’s former commanders) ran against Lincoln looking for negotiation of peace.—(promised to end a war by creating a separate peace).
• Lincoln won because of the battle of Antietam.

Front 26

Northern Strategy

Back 26

• “Quick Knockout”—breaks up the south.
• Anaconda Plan—Squeeze the life out of the South

Front 27

Southern strategy

Back 27

• Prolong the war and negotiate peace.

Front 28

Cotton Diplomacy

Back 28

• Withhold cotton from the world market in order to make Britain and France come to alliance and agreement.

Front 29

cotton diplomacy failed b/c

Back 29

o England and France had a surplus
o People didn’t not turn against slavery
o South never made their victory

Front 30

Anaconda Plan

Back 30

• Blockade the coast
• Divide the South in half.
• Occupy territory—pressure their boarders

Front 31

technology and warfare

Back 31

• Improvement in cannons and artilleries thanks to advancement in steel and iron back in previous decades.
• The two most important pieces of technology were the railroad and the telegraph.

Front 32

why high casualties in civil war? (3)

Back 32

o Changing military technology and tactics
o Lack of medicine
o Lack of knowledge

Front 33

Northwest Confederacy:

Back 33

• Protest about another possible secession
• Not about slavery, it’s about the power of the government.

Front 34

Shiloh

Back 34

-highest number of casualties
-changed mindset of the war
-Lincoln came to conclusion of total war. south's way of life had to be destroyed

Front 35

Gettysburg--Pennsylvania

Back 35

• Lee attempted to win the war, and tried to get an alliance but failed.
• Beginning of the end of the war.

Front 36

Vicksburg

Back 36

• Gave the north power/control of the Mississippi river.
• Cut off southern supplies.

Front 37

Total War Policy
• 4 Components of Grant’s Strategy

Back 37

o Defeat confederate army
o Target resources
o Dismantle bridges, railroads, etc.
o Demoralize the south.

Front 38

Why the South Lost?

Back 38

• Never became a nation
• States Rights
• War undermined social and race relation structure
• Lack of money and supplies