American West

Front 1

Indians lived freely on the Plains

Back 1

Before 1830

Front 2

One Big Reservation

Back 2

1830-1840s

Indians given all the Plains

Americans believed the Plains could not be civilised

Front 3

Great Migration

Back 3

1843

1000 people migrated to Oregon

Front 4

Manifest Destiny

Back 4

First used in 1845

Belief that it was the duty of the USA to dominant the continent

Front 5

Mormans reach Salt Lake City

Back 5

1847

Brigham Young

Front 6

Gold discovered in California

Back 6

1848

Front 7

49ers

Back 7

90,000 people arrive in California

Search for gold

Front 8

Fort Laramie Treaty

Back 8

Indian Lands redefined

Front 9

Homestead Act

Back 9

1862

160 acres of free land given to homesteads

Front 10

Little Crow's War

Back 10

1862

- Failure of crops and delay in compensation payments

- Tribe attacked government warehouses

- Santee Sioux were punished, moved into smaller reservations

Front 11

Sand Creek Massacre

Back 11

- 1864

- Army massacred 450 Indians in a raid on their camp

- Camp was festooned with white flags of surrender

Front 12

First Cattle Drive

Back 12

1866

Goodnight and Loving

Front 13

Red Cloud's War

Back 13

-1867

- Discovery of gold in Montana led to the Bozeman Trial

- Trail broke the Fort Laramie Treaty

- The Sioux led by Red Cloud attacked wagon trains

Front 14

First Cow Town

Back 14

-Joseph McCoy

-Abilene

- Provided a meeting place for buyers and ranchers

Front 15

Second Fort Laramie Treaty

Back 15

Sioux given Black Hills

Front 16

Completion of the railway

Back 16

1869

Front 17

Timber Culture Act

Back 17

1873

160 acres given free if 40 acres of trees were planted

Front 18

Barbed wire was invented

Back 18

-1874

-Useful in the Plains were there was a lack of wood

Front 19

Gold discovered in Black Hills

Back 19

1874

- Black Hills were sacred to the Sioux

- 1000 miners went to mine the Black Hills

- Broke the Second Fort Laramie Treaty

Front 20

Battle of the Little Big Horn

Back 20

-1876

- Last significant victory for the Indians

- Led to the downfall of the Indians

Front 21

Desert Land Act

Back 21

1877

640 acres of dry land sold cheaply

Front 22

End of the Open Range

Back 22

Winter 1886-87

Front 23

Dawes Act

Back 23

1887

- Divided Indian Lands into 160 acre plots

- Dependant on the US government

Front 24

Wounded Knee Massacre

Back 24

-1890

- Ghost dance

-Marked the end of Indian resistance

Front 25

Johnson County War

Back 25

-1892

- Conflict between Homesteads and Cattle Barons

Front 26

First Cattle Drive

Back 26

1866

Goodnight and Loving

Front 27

Red Cloud's War

Back 27

-1867

- Discovery of gold in Montana led to the Bozeman Trial

- Trail broke the Fort Laramie Treaty

- The Sioux led by Red Cloud attacked wagon trains

Front 28

First Cow Town

Back 28

-Joseph McCoy

-Abilene

- Provided a meeting place for buyers and ranchers

Front 29

Second Fort Laramie Treaty

Back 29

Sioux given Black Hills

Front 30

Completion of the railway

Back 30

1869

Front 31

Timber Culture Act

Back 31

1873

160 acres given free if 40 acres of trees were planted

Front 32

Barbed wire was invented

Back 32

-1874

-Useful in the Plains were there was a lack of wood

Front 33

Gold discovered in Black Hills

Back 33

1874

- Black Hills were sacred to the Sioux

- 1000 miners went to mine the Black Hills

- Broke the Second Fort Laramie Treaty

Front 34

Battle of the Little Big Horn

Back 34

-1876

- Last significant victory for the Indians

- Led to the downfall of the Indians

Front 35

Desert Land Act

Back 35

1877

640 acres of dry land sold cheaply

Front 36

End of the Open Range

Back 36

Winter 1886-87

Front 37

Dawes Act

Back 37

1887

- Divided Indian Lands into 160 acre plots

- Dependant on the US government

Front 38

Wounded Knee Massacre

Back 38

-1890

- Ghost dance

-Marked the end of Indian resistance

Front 39

Johnson County War

Back 39

-1892

- Conflict between Homesteads and Cattle Barons