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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, and John Quincy Adams were known as
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"favorite sons"
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Henry Clay supported the national bank, protective tariffs, and internal improvements. This was know as
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American System
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Which candidate from 1824 did not let people know what he supported?
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Andrew Jackson
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How did Andrew Jackson convenience people to vote for him?
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He believed his victory over the British at the Battle of New Orleans would help him win
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Who won popular vote in 1824?
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Andrew Jackson
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Who won the election of 1824?
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John Quincy Adams
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Who won the majority in the Electoral College?
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no one won the majority, the election was decided by the House of Representatives
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Why was Henry Clay excluded from the House of Representatives vote?
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He received the fewest votes in the Electoral College
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What did Henry Clay receive in return for giving his support to John Q. Adams?
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Henry Clay became John Q. Adams' Secretary of State
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What is a "corrupt bargain?"
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Jackson's supporters accused Adams and Clay of making a deal in exchange for votes
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Why did Congress not grant funding for all the programs President Adams proposed?
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Jackson supporters thought he was not using taxpayer money wisely.
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What is mudslinging?
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Mudslinging is when one candidate criticized another's personality and morals
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What is an example of mudslinging?
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Jackson said that Adams was out of touch with people adding that he was the candidate for the common man
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Who won the election in 1828?
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Andrew Jackson
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What part of the country supported Jackson in the 1828 election?
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West and South, because they thought Jackson would best represent their interests
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What changed in the early 1800's that enabled more men to vote?
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states ended property ownership qualifications
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What was the spoils system?
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Jackson's idea that average citizens should have the opportunity to participate in government. Jackson appointed people based on loyalty and support.
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What is one example of how Jackson changed the election process to make it more democratic?
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Presidential elections would no longer use the caucus system, instead the candidates would be chosen at national nominating conventions.
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What was the national nominating convention system?
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Under the national nominating convention system delegates from each state would meet at convention to choose the party's nominee
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Define secede.
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to withdraw
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In the early 1800s, South Carolina's economy was struggling. What did the people blame for all the problems?
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Tariffs! South Carolina bought most of their manufactured goods from England and the high tariffs made the good expensive.
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What did the people of South Carolina call the Tariff of 1828?
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Tariff of Abominations
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What did the people of South Carolina threaten to do if the Tariff of 1828 was not abolished?
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South Carolina threatened to secede, or withdraw, from the United States
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Why was John C. Calhoun torn over issues the US was facing in 1828?
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John C. Calhoun was from South Carolina and he wanted to support his state, but he was the Vice President of the US and felt obligated to support Jackson
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Define nullification.
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Nullification is the IDEA that states have the right to declare a federal law null or void because they do not agree with the law.
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What was the main issue behind the Nullification Crisis?
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The crisis was a fight between states' rights and rights of the federal government.
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Who were the leaders in the Senate that debated the issue of nullification?
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Robert Hayne defended states' rights and Daniel Webster defended the US
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What was the Force Bill?
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The Force Bill was passed by Congress giving President Jackson the authority to use the military to enforce acts of Congress
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What was the Indian Removal Act?
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Congress allocated funds to relocate Native Americans to reservations in the West (Oklahoma)
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Which Native American tribe refused to follow the Indian Removal Act?
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Cherokee of Georgia
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How did the Cherokee of Georgia react to the Indian Removal Act?
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The Cherokee sued the state of Georgia (Worcester v. Georgia).
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Who was the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court when the Worcester v. Georgia decision was made?
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John Marshall
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What was the decision of the US Supreme Court in the Worcester v. Georgia?
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Chief Justice ruled for the Cherokee and ordered the state to honor the property rights of the Native Americans.
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What was the Trail of Tears?
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The Trail of Tears was the forced removal of thousands of Cherokee Indians to Oklahoma
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Did everyone in the country (except the Native Americans) support the forced removal of the Cherokee?
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No, some National Republicans and religious denominations did not agree with the treatment of the Cherokee Indians.
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Did President Jackson support or oppose the Second Bank of the US?
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oppose
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Why did President Jackson want to do away with the Second Bank of the US?
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Pres. Jackson thought the Second Bank of the US only benefited the wealthy
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What were 3 effects of the Second Bank of the US that were POSITIVE?
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1. The Bank was keeping the nation's money stable.
2. The Bank prevented state banks from loaning too much money. 3. State banks redeemed bank notes for gold or silver which kept inflation in check. |
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According to the US Supreme Court, was the Bank of the US Constitutional or unconstitutional?
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Constitutional, meaning that the Bank was fair
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How did President Jackson do away with the Second Bank of the US?
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Jackson vetoed the bill to extend the Bank for another 20 years.
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What was the Panic of 1837?
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The Panic of 1837 was a time after Martin Van Buren took office when the economy was in crisis
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What were two negative effects of the Panic of 1837?
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1. farmers lost their land
2. high unemployment |
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What was the reason the Whig Political Party was able to defeat the Democratic Party in 1840?
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The Whig Party blamed the Democrats for all the economic problems
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Who won the Presidential Election in 1840?
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William Henry Harrison
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Why did Vice President John Tyler take over the Presidency after only 32 days?
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Harrison got sick after his inauguration and died.
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What were 3 examples of new denominations that began during the Second Great Awakening?
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1. Unitarians
2. Universalists 3. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints |
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Who was known as the "father of modern revivalism?"
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Charles Finney
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Define revival
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A revival was a religious gathering where people sing, pray and listen to preaching
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Define the Second Great Awakening.
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The Second Great Awakening was a religious movement that encouraged people to dedicated themselves to Christ.
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What were the people who attended the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints known as?
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Mormons
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Who was the founder of the Mormons?
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Joseph Smith
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In what state did the Mormons first settle?
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Illinois
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Who became leader of the Mormons after Smith was killed?
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Brigham Young
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In what state did the Mormons move to under the leadership of Brigham Young?
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Utah
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Define Transcendentalism.
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Transcendentalism was an expression of romanticism that encouraged people to accept feeling over reason and/or individuals above society
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Who were two of the most influential transcendentalist writers from the US?
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Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau
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Why was the transcendentalist movement so important to American culture?
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The transcendentalist movement produced literary work that was "uniquely American"
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Why did publishers began selling inexpensive newspapers that centered on the news people wanted to know?
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Publishers began selling inexpensive papers because more knew how to read and write
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What was an example of an inexpensive newspaper published in the 1800s?
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Harper's Weekly
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Define utopia.
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Perfect or ideal society
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Why did people want to form utopia communities?
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People who lived in utopia communities wanted to separate themselves from society in order to live free from corruption
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What were 2 examples of utopian communities?
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Brook Farm in Massachusetts and The Shakers
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Who worked to create hospitals for the mentally ill?
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Dorothea Dix
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Before hospitals for the mentally ill were created where were patients sent?
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Mentally ill patients were sent to live in prisons before hospitals were created.
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Define temperance.
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drinking less alcohol
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Who was the man for Massachusetts that worked to reform education?
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Horace Mann
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How did education in Massachusetts change in 1852?
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Beginning in 1852, Massachusetts passed the first mandatory school attendance law and schools were supported by the public through taxes
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Who founded the first "college" for only women?
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Mary Lyon
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Who opened a girls' school where they were taught academic subjects?
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Emma Willard
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Why did people support temperance?
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People who supported the temperance movement believed that excessive use of alcohol caused crime and poverty
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What was the name of the organization that pushed for laws to prohibit the sale of alcohol?
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American Temperance Union
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Who organized the Seneca Falls Convention? (2 women)
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Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention?
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The Seneca Falls Convention called for equal rights for women and it marked the start of the women's movement
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What was the #1 goal of the women's movement?
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The #1 goal of the women's movement was to gain the right to vote for women.
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Before the women's movement, what was the "understood" role of women?
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Men believed that the proper place for women was in the home
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