American Politics

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Politics

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The struggle over power or influence within organizations or informal groups that can grant benefits and privileges. The process of resolving conflicts and deciding things in government.

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What is the government??

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An institution of ongoing organization that performs certain functions for society , government has the ultimate authority making these distributions benefits.

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Institution and government is the same

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Order

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A state of peace and security. Maintaining order by protecting members of society from violence and criminal activity is one of the oldest purposes of government.

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Representative assembly

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A legislature composed of individuals who represent the population

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Totalitarian regime

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Is a political system , where the group of leaders or leader ( dictator) makes all the decisions for the society., all aspects of social, economic and political.The power of the leader is total. Examples are Hitler

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Authoritarianism

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A type of regime in which only the government is controlled but all other aspects are not. Social and economic are not in the governments control.

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Greeks

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The Greeks were the first to study politics. Greeks believed in aristocracy(rule by the best) and Theocracy ( rule by God or religious leaders) Oligarchy (rule by a few)

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Legitimacy

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When the government got popular support from people, people support the laws and rules placed by the government. The acceptance of right and power of the government to exercise authority.

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Anarchy

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The absence of government, advocates for Anarchy government env

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Oligarchy

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An Oligarchy is a type of government in which power is concentrated in the hands of only a few people. Aristocracy (rule by the elite) is a type of Oligarchy.

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Social contract

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Contends of individuals consent to the transfer of some of their freedoms to the government.in exchange, the government protects their remaining rights.

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3 different governments

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Democracy

Autocracy

Oligarchy

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Autocracy

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An autocracy is rule by a single individual dictorsho

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Dictatorship

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A leader with absolute power over the people, a autocratic government, there is unrestricted by constitutional limits or social or political powers.

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Power

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Ability of one person to cause another person to act in accordance with the first persons intentions. It can be exercised in subtle ways.

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Unicameral legislature

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A legislature with only one legislature chamber, Nebraska is the only state in the union with a unicameral legislature.

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Political power

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Power used to determine who will hold government office and how government will behave.

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Authority

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The right to exercise political power

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Elite

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An identifiable group of ripple with a disproportionate share of political power

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Aristotle

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A philosopher who defined democracy as the “ rule of the many” his notion of democracy is referred to as direct or participatory democracy.

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Pluralist theory

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A theory that no one interest group consistently holds political power

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Read the 5th amendment on constitution cards

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And other amendments

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The powers which are not specifically enumerated in the constitution as powers of the federal government are?

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Automatically given to the states

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The only power in the following list which the constitution does not give to congress?

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The power to create a social security system

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The senate and the electoral college share a common reason for their existence ?

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To give a greater voice to the smaller states

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James Madison

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Wrote the federalist papers, known as the “father of the constitution because he was the primary author .

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Great compromise

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Resolved the debate between the small and large states over how states should be represented in the new congress it established a two house legislature.

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The Virginia plan

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Favored large states by proposing that representation of the state be proportional to the states population.

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New Jersey Plan

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Favored small states because they proposed that representation in the congress be equal for all states.So, bother small and large states got representation the way they wanted in one house but not both

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Popular Sovereignty

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The concept that people have the power in the government. this is expressed through voting and is essential to democracy.

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Basic tenet of representative democracy

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Individuals should acquire power through competition for the people vote

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The founding fathers agreed on

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The right to a fair trail, freedom of speech , freedom of the press, freedom of religion. They also felt the government should Mediate popular views.

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Which system of the government shares power between state government and and federal governmentEX

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Federalism

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EX POST FACTO LAW

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A Law that inflicts punishment for an act that was not illegal at the time it was committed.

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Elastic clause

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A statement in the constitution, Clause in Article 1, section 8 of the constitution that gives congress the right to make all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out its expressed powers.

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3/5th compromise

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Were only 3 out of 5 slaves would be counted for taxes and population

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3/5th compromise

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We’re only 3 out of 5 slaves would be counted for taxes and population

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New Jersey Plan

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Favored small states because they proposed that representation in the congress be equal for all states.This bothered bigger states , because they wanted representation based on population

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The constitution creates what type of government?

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A Republican form of government

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Parliament

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Highest rule in England is

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Is a Corporation considered a person by law?

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Yes

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What is a categorical grant

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A federal grant to state or local governments on how the money could be spent.

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Medicaid (health care for the poor) ( highway construction)

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Unitary System

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A government that gives all key powers to the national and central government

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Devolution

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Transferring of powers from national or central government to a state or local government.

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Block grants

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Money from the national government that states can spend within the board guidelines determined by Washington

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Recall

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Procedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature

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Gibbons v. Ogden

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Suit over whether New York could grant a monopoly to a ferry operating on interstate waters. The ruling reserves that congress had the sole power to regulate interstate commerce.

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Cohens v. Virginia

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The Supreme Court to review decisions of state supreme courts in questions involving the powers of the federal government.

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Concurrent powers

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Powers held jointly by the national and state government. Concurrent powers also borrow funds for courts, charter banks and corporation, and raise minimum wage. Concurrent powers are exercised by states and limited to these states.

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Supremacy clause

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The constitutional provision that makes the constitution and federal laws superior to all conflicting state and local laws.

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Are most parliaments bicameral?

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Yes

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Do most countries in the world have similar governments similar to ours??

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No