American Pageant Ch. 4-6 Flash Cards

Front 1

Chapter 4

Back 1

Chapter 4

Front 2

Leislers Rebellion

Back 2

From 1689 to 1691 in New York. Between lordly land owners and aspiring merchants. One of many towards end of the 17th century.

Front 3

Half - Way Covenant

Back 3

Started in 1662 by troubled ministers. Gave unconverted children of members some, but not all rights.

Front 4

Chapter 5

Back 4

Chapter 5

Front 5

Jonathan Edwards

Back 5

Pastor who ignited the first Great Awakening. Preached that you can't be saved through good works, but only through God's grace. Believed that Hell was paved by skulls of unbaptized children...

Front 6

Benjiman Franklin

Back 6

One of the Founding Fathers, helped draft the Constitution of the United States and the Declaration of Independence

Front 7

Michel- Guillaume De Crevecouer

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French settler who came to America in 1755 as a map maker and a officer and became a farmer. He said the line "What then is the American, this new man?" Served as a French consul. Wrote "Letters from the American Farmer"

Front 8

George Whitefield

Back 8

An English parson who started a different type of preaching in 1738. It sparked the spiritual life of the colonies. He was a good speaker who many tried to imitate.

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John Peter Zeneger

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Newspaper printer, in 1734 he printed a paper about a corrupt royal governor and charged with seditious libel and taken to court. He was defended by Alexander Hamilton and found not guilty. This was the beginning of Freedom of Press.

Front 10

Phillis Wheatley

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Brought to Boston as a slave at age 8 and to England at age 20 where she published a book of verse and poems with influence from Alexander Pope. She was never formally educated so the fact she could write at all was incredible.

Front 11

John S. Copley

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1738-1815. Became a painter but had to move to England to finish training because only there did people have enough time and money to pay for portraits. A loyalist during the revolutionary war.

Front 12

Catawba Nation

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Indian land

Front 13

Regulator Movement

Back 13

1768-1771 in western North Carolina. Mainly carried out by Scots-Irish that resented the way the eastern part of the state had the political power. Believed taxes were unevenly distributed and later many joined the American Revolutionists.

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Old and New Lights

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In early 1700's O.L.'s were orthodox clergy members who were against the new ways of preaching. N.L.'s were the modern thinking clergy members who believed in the Great Awakening. Helped found the "Ivy League" schools.

Front 15

Triangular Trade

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1. New England: send manufactured goods to Africa

2. Africa: send slaves to the West Indies

3. W. I.: send raw materials to England

Made many people very rich

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Molasses Act

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British law passed in 1773, prompted by BRITISH West Indies. Aimed to crush North American trade with the FRENCH West Indies. Americans responded by smuggling and bribing around the system, showed they would rather fight than submit.

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Scots- Irish

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Scots lowlander who were moved to northern Ireland where they were hated and poor. In 1700's many came to America (Pennsylvania) where they pushed into the frontier. Many lived illegally on land and fought off Indians and white landowners but they proved to be good frontiersman.

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Naval Stores

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Colonial stores that produced tar, pitch, rosin, and turpentine. Britain wanted seas so London offered a lot for these goods cause they didn't want to buy from the unreliable Baltic areas. Even marked trees, if someone cut them they were fined.

Front 19

Chapter 6

Back 19

Chapter 6

Front 20

Samuel De Champlain

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French explorer who wrote books about his travels. In 1608 he was the leading figure when a vast empire was starting in Quebec, commanding the St. Lawrence. Nick- named "Father of New France" because of his energy and leadership.

Front 21

William Pitt

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Popularly known as the "Great Commoner" because he drew power from the people who admired him. In 1757 he became a leader in London government and was called the "Organizer of Victory". He led and won a war against Quebec. Pittsburgh was later named after him.

Front 22

Antoine Cadillac

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Founded Detroit "the City of Straights" in 1701 to thwart English settlers pushing into Ohio Valley.

Front 23

Robert de la Salle

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Went down the Mississippi River to check on Spanish penetration in the Gulf of Mexico. He named the basin he found "Louisiana" in honor of Louis XIV. Later tried to return but couldn't find it and landed in Spanish Texas and was killed by mutinous men in 1687.

Front 24

James Wolfe

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Chosen by William Pitt for expedition to Quebec. 32 years old and an officer since 14. He was weak but smart and won Quebec for the British. The battle was only 15 minutes but he was killed in the line of duty. Important battle in French and Indian War.

Front 25

Edward Braddock

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60 year old experienced in European warfare. Sent to Virginia with British detachment and set out for Fort Duquesne in 1755. His men fought "behind the tree" and earned "Bulldog Braddock" professional contempt. When attempting to get Fort Duquesne he was defeated by the French and Indians and mortally wounded.

Front 26

Pontiac

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Ottawa chief who in 1763 led several tribes in a violent campaign to get British out of the Ohio county. They besieged Detroit in 1763 and overran all but 3 British posts west of the Appalachians, killing about 2,000 soldiers and settlers. His actions led to the Proclamation of 1763 which angered the colonists.

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Huguenots

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French protestants form about 1560 to 1629. It was introduced in 1520 and was protected at first but at the end of the reign of King Francis they were persecuted. On St. Bartholomew's Day 1572 over 10,000 of them were killed by the Roman Catholics.

Front 28

French and Indian War

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Fought by French and English on American soil over control of the Ohio River Valley. English won in 1763 and were established as a #1 world power and made the colonists hate England even more.

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Acadians

Back 29

First French to leave Canada, they settled in area around Nova Scotia. In 1713 this land was given to the British who demanded they leave or swear allegiance to Britain. They did neither until the "Great Displacement" when the British forced them out at "bayonet point". They went to French Louisiana where they became farmers.

Front 30

Albany Congress

Back 30

In 1754 British summoned a intercolonial congress. Only 7 of 13 delegates showed, the immediate purpose to keep Iroquis Indian scalping knives in their hands. The chiefs were lectured and given gifts. The long term purpose was to create more colonial unity.

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Iroquis

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Federated tribes of upper New York. Given gifts by British to remain loyal. Known for killing and scalping the whites. Fought many other tribes including the Huron tribe.

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New France

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French part of Canada, government eventually fell under the king who made it completely autocratic.

Front 33

Proclamation of 1763

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Issued by London government, it prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachians. Designed to solve the Indian problem, the colonists were unhappy with it and it was one cause of their rebellion.

Front 34

Cajun

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When the first Acadian's left Canada and went to Louisiana they were called Cajuns. Their settlements were small and secluded and scarcely affected by outside developments

Front 35

Edict of Nantes

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Issued by the crown in 1598, it granted limited tolerance for French Protestants. Religious wars ceased and France grew into the most powerful country in England . Led by a series of brilliant ministers and King Louis XIV.