American History Unit 4 11.11.05

Front 1

Sitting Bull, etc.

Back 1

Important Indian Chiefs

Front 2

George A. Custer

Back 2

U.S. Army officer who was killed at the battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876 (along with his entire command)

Front 3

Helen Hunt Jackson

Back 3

*Writer of spoke out for Indian rights,
*A Century of Dishonor critcized our government's mistreatment of the Indians

Front 4

Willa Cather

Back 4

Immigrant writer of depicted life on the Plains as seen through the eyes of a homesteader(My Antonia)

Front 5

Joseph Glidden

Back 5

Invented barbed wire which was a great help to the homesteaders since it provided a cheap way to protect their property

Front 6

Edwin Drake

Back 6

Drilled the first successful oil well at Titusville, PA in 1859

Front 7

Bessemer and Kelly

Back 7

Two inventors ho perfected a new process for making steel (used today)

Front 8

Thomas A. Edison

Back 8

Two inventors who created hundreds of devices using electricity (light bulb, movie projector, etc.)

Front 9

Granville T. Woods

Back 9

Ohio-born, African American inventor who created a mobile telegraph system for railroad trains

Front 10

Alexander Graham Bell

Back 10

Invented the first telephone in 1876

Front 11

John D. Rockfeller

Back 11

Founder of Standard Oil Corp.

Front 12

Andrew Carnegie

Back 12

*Scottish immigrant
*Founded U.S. Steel Corp.(first billion dollar corporation)

Front 13

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Back 13

*Founder of the New York Central Railroad
*Most powerful railroad executive

Front 14

J.P. Morgan

Back 14

*Banker and financial investor
*Purchased U.S. Steel from Carnegie in 1901 for a billion dollars

Front 15

Little Big Horn and Wounded Kneel

Back 15

Two most famous battles during the Indian wars of the late 1800s

Front 16

Chisholm Trail, etc.

Back 16

*Important spots on the cattle drives from Texas to Kansas.
*Dodge City and Abilene were known as cow towns or railheads

Front 17

Chicago

Back 17

Most longhorns (cattle) were shipped by rail to be slaughtered

Front 18

Promontory Point, Utah

Back 18

May 10, 1869 the first trans-continental railroad was completed here

Front 19

Comstock Lode

Back 19

*Located in Nevada
*Most famous gold and silver mines

Front 20

Titusville, PA

Back 20

Site of Drake's oil well

Front 21

Mesabi Range, Minnesota

Back 21

Site of largest deposit of iron ore

Front 22

Ellis Island

Back 22

*Located in New York harbor
*Processing station for millions of immigrants from Europe

Front 23

49'ers and 59' ers

Back 23

Prospectors who discovered huge amounts of gold, silver and other important minerals in the west in 1849 and 1859

Front 24

Homestead Act (1862)

Back 24

Law passed by Congress that gave 160 acres of land free if the person lived on the land for a minimum of 5 years

Front 25

Dawes Act

Back 25

*Law that encouraged Indians to move to the reservations
*It was basically the same deal as the Homestead Act was for whites

Front 26

Sodbusters

Back 26

Nickname given to the first settlers on the Great Plain

Front 27

Sooners

Back 27

Nickname given to those people who claimed land in Oklahoma before it was officially opened for settlement

Front 28

Exodusters

Back 28

Nickname given to ex-slaves who settled on the Great Plains in the late 1870s

Front 29

Boom Towns

Back 29

*Towns that quickly sprung up near gold/silver mines
*The towns usually disappeared soon after the precious metals were used up

Front 30

Cow Towns/Railheads

Back 30

Towns like Dodge City and Abilene in Kansas where the cattle trails ended and the cows were shipped by rail to Chicago

Front 31

Proprietorship

Back 31

A business that is owned by a single person

Front 32

Partnership

Back 32

A business that is owned by two or more people

Front 33

Corporation

Back 33

A business that is created by a charter which gives the owners the authority to sell stock to the general public thus being able to raise huge amounts of money for growth

Front 34

Vertical Integrations

Back 34

Business practice where a single company gains contol of all the steps in converting a raw material into a finished product (U.S. Stell Corp.)

Front 35

Horizontal Intergrations

Back 35

Business practice where one company gains control over all competitors producing the same product (Standard Oil)

Front 36

Standard Oil Corp.

Back 36

Founded in 1870 in Cleveland by Rockefeller

Front 37

U.S. Steel Corp.

Back 37

*Founded in Pittsburgh by Carnegie
*First billion dollar corporation

Front 38

1862

Back 38

Homestead Act passed by Congress

Front 39

May 10, 1869

Back 39

*The completion of the nation's first trans-continental railroad
*Promontory Point, Utah

Front 40

1870

Back 40

Standard Oil founded

Front 41

1876

Back 41

Battle of Little Big Horn

Front 42

1890

Back 42

*Battle of Wounded Knee
*End of the Indians wars

Front 43

Why did the cattle drives end?

Back 43

1. New railroad lines were built into Texas which eliminated the need to drive the cattle north to Kansas
2. The price of cattle (beef) dropped because of oversupply and the drives were no longer profitable