American History Unit 2 Test Part 1

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Alien and Sedition Acts:

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Americans fearforeigners1. Naturalization Act – made a 14 year residency requirement tobe eligible for citizenship2. Alien Act – gave President power to deport any aliensbelieved dangerous3. Alien Enemies Act – gave Pres. Power to imprison aliensduring wartime4. Sedition Act – made it a crime to instigate an insurrection.Americans rose up inprotest to violation of rights.

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Anti-Federalists:

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were people who opposed theConstitution. They were not against America becoming a powerfulnation nor did they oppose the union. They simply did not think the proposedConstitution was the best approach. They didn’t want to see any states losepower. One of their strongest supporters was Patrick Henry, who believed theauthors of the Constitution had ignored the sovereignty of the states. Many ofthis group were small farmers and common laborers.

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Articles of Confederation:

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proposed by a committee led by JohnDickerson in 1776. By March ,1781, all thirteen states had ratified theArticles of Confederation. This established Congress which represented eachstate.

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Boston Massacre:

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March 5, 1770 Startedwith a snowball fight Angrycrowd gathered harassing the British soldiers Unknownperson gave orders for soldiers to fire 5killed including a 12 year old boy

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Boston Tea Party:

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East India Company was given themonopoly to sell tea in the colonies. Americansrefused to buy it December16, 1773 – dumped a load of tea into Boston Harbor during the night dressed asIndians.

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Checks and balances:

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The U.S. Constitution furtherprotects citizens against tyranny by providing a system of checks and balances.Each branch of government has certain checks upon the power of the others.There are many check and balances among the branches of federal government sothat no one branch can usurp the authority of the others.

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Daniel Shay:

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led Shays’ Rebellion inMassachusetts. He was a former military officer. Shays’ Rebellion was led byDaniel Shays in 1786. It was an army of debtors and farmers that forced severalcourts in western Massachusetts to close down, in order to prevent furtherforeclosures. It grew to 2000 volunteers before state militia finally put downthe uprising.

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Importance of the Delaware River:

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Gen. Washington crossed thethis river and attacked the Hessian troops. They gained many supplies.

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Ethan Allen:

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Green Mountain Boys TookFort Ticonderoga and all its supplies May 1775 He wasa patriot in Virginia. He formed a frontier militia known as the “GreenMountain Boys.” They successfully encountered the British at Fort Ticonderogaand at Crown Point.

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Federalists:

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a powerful central government. The Federalists were people who wanted the new Constitutionadopted. They wanted a closer union of the states and saw the advantages of astronger central government. Many ofthis group were merchants, lawyers, bankers, clergyman, and plantation owners.

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First Continental Congress:

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September 5, 1774Colonies sentdelegates to meet and come up with a statement to send to Parliament for reliefof issues.No one from Georgiawent.King didn’t care

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George III:

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King of England in 1760. Vowed to bring the Colonies into subjection

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George Washington:

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June 1775 – appointedcommander in chief and given the go ahead to raise an army. Was the firstPresident of the U.S.

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James Madison:

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Became 4th U.S. President in 1809. His hard work helped get the Constitution ratified. known as at the “Father of the Constitution.”

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John Hancock:

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Hewas elected president by the Second Continental Congress on May 10, 1775. Hehad escaped capture by the British by fleeing before the British arrived at Lexington.

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John Jay:

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first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

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John Paul Jones:

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attacked British warship – At the worstpart of the battle, it was suggested he surrender – he replied “ I have not yetbegun to fight”. He was a successful Patriot War Captain.

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What happened in Lexington:

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The British forces marched into Lexington on the morning of April 19, 1775. John Hancock and Sam Adams had already fled but 70 Minutemen waited for the British. The Minutemen lost 8 men by death and had 10 more wounded. They were forced to flee. The Redcoats moved on to Concord.

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Mint Act of 1792:

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Provided for coinage of gold, silver and copper.

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Molasses Act:

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Taxed raw sugar, rum and molasses Colonists just smuggled the stuff

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Patrick Henry:

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speech to House of Burgesses in VA towarn of conflict. “ I know not what course others may take; but as for me, giveme liberty or give me death” He was astrong supporter of the Anti-Federalists

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Patriots:

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Whigs- favored Independence

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Tories:

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Loyalist, opposed to Independence. Remained loyalto Britain