American History Into The West Test

Front 1

What was another name for medicine wheels?

Back 1

sacred hoops

Front 2

What did the medicine wheel represent to the Plains tribes and others?

Back 2

1) all knowledge of the universe
2) the continuous pattern of ongoing life and death

Front 3

What was Wankan Tanka?

Back 3

The Great Spirit

Front 4

What was the buffalo jump?

Back 4

A cliff formation which North American Indians historically used to kill plains bison by herding the bison and driving them over the cliff.

Front 5

Wainwright-

Back 5

A person who builds or repairs wheels

Front 6

What were mountain men?

Back 6

Trappers and explorers who roamed the North American Rocky Mountains and the entire West from about 1810 to the early 1840s.

Front 7

What were mountain men motivated by?

Back 7

Profit, trapping beaver and selling the skins although some were more interested in exploring the West.

Front 8

What put an end to mountain men?

Back 8

Westward expansion

Front 9

Who was Jedediah Smith?

Back 9

A hunter, trapper, fur trader, and explorer of the American West

Front 10

Why were Smith's explorations significant?

Back 10

They opened the American West to expansion by white settlers

Front 11

What state was Jedediah the first American to enter by the overland route?

Back 11

California

Front 12

What was Smith often recognized by?

Back 12

Significant facial scarring due to a grizzly bear attack

Front 13

Even though Smith was a devout Christian, what background was he from?

Back 13

Methodist

Front 14

What were Jedediah's two closest companions?

Back 14

His Bible and rifle

Front 15

What was the Mexican-American War?

Back 15

An armed conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848

Front 16

What made Mexico break off diplomatic relations with the U.S.?

Back 16

The U.S. admitted Texas into the Union

Front 17

What did the U.S. gain after the war?

Back 17

California, Nevada, Utah, parts of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Wyoming

Front 18

What was the actual event that led to the war?

Back 18

American soldiers crossing the Nueces River and being killed

Front 19

Who was John Charles Fremont?

Back 19

An American military officer, explorer, and the first candidate of the Republican Party for the office of President of the United States

Front 20

What was Fremont also known for?

Back 20

He was the first presidential candidate of a major party to run on a platform in opposition to slavery. He also led the Bear Flag Revolt

Front 21

How many men did John C. Fremont lead into the Sonoma Town Center?

Back 21

33

Front 22

What was the significance of raising a flag with a bear and a star on it?

Back 22

It symbolized a new California Republic, independent from Mexico

Front 23

When did the news of the war finally reach California?

Back 23

mid-July 1846

Front 24

Who abandoned the idea of the Republic and joined the efforts to make California part of the U.S.?

Back 24

The "Bear Flaggers"

Front 25

What kind of battles were fought in the war?

Back 25

Only a couple of small battles

Front 26

Where was the California Gold Rush first discovered?

Back 26

Sutter's Mill

Front 27

What were mining towns called?

Back 27

Boomtowns

Front 28

What town grew from a tiny hamlet of tents to a boomtown?

Back 28

San Francisco

Front 29

What nations did the Treaty of Fort Laramie take place between?

Back 29

United States treaty commissioners and representatives of several Plains Indian nations

Front 30

What was each nation promised?

Back 30

Americans-safe passage on the Oregon Trail

Indians-$50,000 for 50 years

Front 31

How did the Americans break the treaty?

Back 31

1) reduced the size of the Indians' reservations
2) Gave the Indians very little supplies or money as promised

Front 32

What good came out of the treaty?

Back 32

It produced a brief period of peace

Front 33

How many U.S. soldiers were killed by the Brule Sioux Indians in the Grattan Massacre?

Back 33

29

Front 34

What caused the Grattan Massacre?

Back 34

A Mormon's cow wandered into the Sioux camp and was killed

Front 35

What did Conquering Bear offer the cow's owner in exchange for his lost cow?

Back 35

His choice of any of Conquering Bear's 60 horse herd

Front 36

What did Lt. Fleming demand of the Sioux for killing the cow?

Back 36

That they arrest High Forehead and bring him to the fort, which Conquering Bear refused

Front 37

Who should've handled the cow incident?

Back 37

The Bureau of Indian Affairs

Front 38

What happened because the Sioux refused to give High Forehead up?

Back 38

Conquering Bear was shot in the back

Front 39

What did this "act of war" lead the Sioux to do?

Back 39

Attack Grattan and his men, which all were killed

Front 40

Jayhawkers-

Back 40

Anti-slave guerilla soldiers fought in the Missouri-Kansas Border Wars

Front 41

Who were the jayhawkers led by?

Back 41

James Lane- a former US senator from Kansas

Front 42

Quantrill's Raiders:

Back 42

-one of the most savage fighting units in the Civil War
-Started off with only about a dozen men
-Led the attack on Lawrence Kansas

Front 43

Bloody Bill Anderson:

Back 43

-pushed over the edge of sanity after one sister died and another badly injured after being held hostage by the jayhawkers.
-Had a silk cloth with knots tied in it to represent how many men he had killed.
-One of the best known and most feared of all Missouri Confederate guerillas.
-Anderson once said he had killed so many Federals that he "grew sick of killing them."

Front 44

Lawrence Kansas:

Back 44

-The City Seal is a Phoenix rising from the ashes of a burned city.
-100-150 men were killed and the city was burned down.
-A center of anti-slavery

Front 45

Bleeding Kansas:

Back 45

-Popular sovereignty is the issue that led to Bleeding Kansas
-Pottawatomie Massacre was led by John Brown in retaliation for an incident in Lawrence, Kansas