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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Columbian Exhange
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phrase used by historians; refers to the movement across the Atlantic of people, animals, plants, and microorganismc-voluntary and involuntary
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What were the motives for exploration and colonization?
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-economic: trade~India, precious metals
-religious conversions:Christianity -political: land = power |
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Christopher Columbus
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-1492
-began the establishment of European colonization |
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Glorification of Christopher Columbus includes...
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-enslavement
-his crew totally supported him -motive only inculded pure curiousity(inspired by the Renaisannce and humanism) |
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"Real" reasons for Columbus' voyage
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-economic gain
-expansion of Christianity |
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"Black Legend"
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myth that Spanish treatment was fair towards the Native Americand in contrast to the English
~Spain was actually worse |
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French settlement
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-1700
-by way of the NW pasage and the St. Lawerence River -failure to get profits, build forts instead -married Indigenous women |
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Huguenots
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religious minority that wanted to colonize for religious freedom
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Roanoke
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-1580s
-under Elizabeth I -first private settlement premitted by England |
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Reasons for Roanoke's failure
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-no man power
-no active support -everyone wanted to be closer to home |
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1607
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Jamestown, Cheasapeake Bay region, and Maryland established
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John Smith
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-organized the people(forces manual labor)
-started tobacco trade(very profitable) yet plantations are diffused b/c tobacco soaks a lot of nutrients |
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Indentured servitude
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involutary labor, contract that pays for the passage and the worker must work until he pays off that debt
*incentive= oppurtunity to own land |
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House of Burgesses established
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1619
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1624
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Charters no longer permitted; colonies now governed by England reprensentatives
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Mayflower Compact
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community would be governed by laws that citizens agreed to
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Maryland
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-1634
-began Anglican vs. Catholicism -proprietary colony -wanted to provide haven for Catholics |
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Puritans
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-extreme believers that God had pre-destination for everyone
-contrary to belief: obsessed and fanatical spiritual leaders -wanted to reform the Anglican Church from its Catholic traditions |
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Pilgrims
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Separtists
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-1628
-John Winthrop -refuge for Puritans |
Massachusetts
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John Winthrop
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-head of Puritan movement: Great Migration
-"city upon the hill"-epitome way of life |
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exceptionalism
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that a community is like no other communities in the way that they live
ex. New england will have different econ. base that Cheasapeake b/c of different weather and soil |
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Roger Williams
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-associated w/ religious toleration: derives their faith in the way he/she could
-called for "separation of church and state" |
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Anne Hutchinson
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-antinomianism: an individual has the priveledge to communicate to God directly by prayer
-expelled as a threat |
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King Phillip's War
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-1675
-resist the conquering of Indian lands -half the towns destroyed -but not successful: no support, english weapons were better |
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Bacon's Rebellion
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-against governor of virginia(Berkeley) b/c of lack or support of the frontier/ poor farmer, and created a bad gov't
-african slavery started immediately after |
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Nathaniel Bacon
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-led the rebellion
-took over gov't after gov't dissaproved -with his death, the uprising ended |
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Mercantilism
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dominant idea of the way european gov't controlled the colonies
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Navagation Act
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all goods imported and exported to England had to be shipd on their own boats
-taxes on foreign goods, colonies served as markets |
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Dominion of New England
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-1685
-King James II reigned -eliminated the charters to create -enforces Navi. Act and increased more rules and taxes |
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Glorious Revolution
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-1688
-overthrown King James II -inspired Leisler's-New york; Coodes's-Maryland |
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1689
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Bill of rights established
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John Locke
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-"Second Treatise on Civil Gov't"
-every persn gives up right to protects others;citizens have the right to change and overthrow gov't |
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1692
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Salem Witch trials
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^1697
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Royal African Co. were the only company to sell slaves to Eng. colonies
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Views on African Slavery
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-not condemned in the Bible
-better off -civilizing - giving them salvation |
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Stono Rebellion
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-1739
-slave rebellion not sucessful |
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New England
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New Hampshire, Conneticut,Massachusetts, Rhode Island
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Southern Colonies
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Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
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Middle colonies
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Pennsylvania, Maryland, New York, New Jersey, Delaware
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-1607
-John Smith -commercial venture |
Virginia(JAmestown)
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-1613
-Peter Stuyvesant -commercial venture |
New york(amsterdam)
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-1620
-William Bradford -refuge for separtists |
Plymouth
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-1636
-Roger Williams |
Rhode Island
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-1681
-William Penn -refuge for quakers |
Pennsylvania
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-1638
-William Penn -commercial venture |
Delaware
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1600s
-Scientific revolution -Deism: God doesnt interfere with worldly affairs -natural laws |
Enlightnenment
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-1700s
-religious revivals -Jonathan Edwards;George Whitefield -old lights vs. new lights |
First Great Awakening
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Salutary Neglect
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Parliament did not interfere with colonial gov't; left colonies in political isolation
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Wars of Empire
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-1607-1763
-wars b/t France and Britain |
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-french and english wanted Ohio valley
-virginia fights;loses -Washington returnds w/ British army; loses -William pitt:captures Quebec -1763:treaty of paris |
French/Indian War
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Views Of French/Indian War
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-England:colonies didnt help
-Colonies: couldnt do it w/o them -Indians:fear and pressure |
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Proclomation line
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line across App. mts to stop colonies from spreading into Indian lands
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Daniel Boone
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crossed proclomation line
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George Grenville
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found ways to cut costs of the empire and give to colonies
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Sugar Act
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1764
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Stamp Act
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1765
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Repeal of Stamp act
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1766
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Townshend Act
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1767
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Boston Massacre
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1770
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Committees of correspondence
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-keep colonies informed
-1772 |
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Gaspee`
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1772
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1773
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-PArliament passes tea act
-Boston tea party |
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Intolerable Acts
First Continental Congress |
1774
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-Battles at Lexington and Concord
-Second Continental COngress |
1775
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