American Gov't Col.

Front 1

U.s Constitution Ratification

Back 1

june 21, 1788

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What was the Shay Rebellion and what year did it happen?

Back 2

Protests in 1787 by american farmers against state and local tax collectors.

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sovereignty

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A self governing state

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Why was the articles confederation weak?

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Each state only had one vote in Congress, regardless of size.

Congress did not have the power to tax.

Congress did not have the power to regulate foreign and interstate commerce.

There was no executive branch to enforce any acts passed by Congress.

There was no national court system.Amendments to the Articles of Confederation required a unanimous vote.

Laws required a 9/13 majority to pass in Congress

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Va Plan

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a national government consisting of three branches with checks and balances to prevent the abuse of power w/ a bicameral house

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NJ Plan

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One house (unicameral). States would be represented equally, so all states had the same power

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John Locke

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Life, liberty, and property at the constitutional convention may 1787

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Great Compromise

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Connecticut Compromiseof 1787 stated proportional representation in the lower house, but required the upper house to be weighted equally between the states. Each state would have two representatives in the upper house

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Enumerated Powers

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Powers to declare war

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Reserve powers

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Not given to the federal gov't, reserved for the state

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concurrent powers

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shared powers

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separation of powers

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Checks and balances

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Dual Federalism

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power is divided between the federal and state governments in clearly defined terms, with state governments exercising those powers accorded to them without interference from the federal government

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Unitary System

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state is a state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme

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Federal System

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power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units

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Confed system

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The vast majority of political power rests with the local governments; the central federal government has very little power

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Land-Grant College Act of 1862

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provided grants of land to states to finance the establishment of colleges specializing in “agriculture and the mechanic arts.”

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categorized grants

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grants issued by the United States Congress, which may be spent only for narrowly defined purposes

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Blocks

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a block grant is a large sum of money granted by the national government to a regional government with only general provisions as to the way it is to be spent

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Grants

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Money given from fed to state and local government

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Devolution

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Give money to states and have them decide

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Civil Liberties

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Rights under constitution

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Smith act of 1940

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which made it an offense to advocate or belong to a group that advocated the violent overthrow of the government

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Internal Security act of 1950

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strengthened laws against espionage, allowed investigation and deportation of immigrants who were suspected of subversive activities or of promoting communism or fascism, and allowed the limitation of free speech for national security reasons

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Communist control act of 1954

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outlawed the Communist Party of the United States and criminalizes membership in, or support for the Party or "Communist-action" organizations

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illegal expression

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Libel slander

obscenity

symbolic speech

false advertisement

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14th amendment

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grants citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" which included former slaves who had just been freed after the Civil War

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naacp (1909)

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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

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separate but equal case

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U.S. Supreme Court case from 1896 that upheld the rights of states to pass laws allowing or even requiring racial segregation in public and private institutions such as schools, public transportation, restrooms, and restaurants

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Brown vs Board of Educ. (MAY 17, 1954)**

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was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.