American Corrections Final

Front 1

Deliberately established for particular end by influencing behavior

Back 1

Formal Organization

Front 2

Obedience to an order or request

Back 2

Compliance

Front 3

Ability to obtain compliance for material resources (working for money)

Back 3

Remunerative power

Front 4

Symbolic rewards that leaders manipulate through ritual (handing rewards)

Back 4

Normative Power

Front 5

Ability to get compliance by force or threat

Back 5

Coercive power

Front 6

Management support inmate reports to only one supervisor

Back 6

Unity of command

Front 7

series of organizational chart- what authority has what

Back 7

chain of command

Front 8

direct contact with inmates

Back 8

line personnel

Front 9

support line personnel (training officers/mental health professors)

Back 9

staff personnel

Front 10

chief administrator to the facility

Back 10

warden / superintendent

Front 11

supporting administrator to the chief administrator

Back 11

management

Front 12

correctional officers (safety /security of inmates)

Back 12

custodial personnel

Front 13

treatment staff

Back 13

program personnel

Front 14

warden who walks around talking to others

Back 14

management by walking around

Front 15

behavior that blurs, minimizes, or exchanges material goods or written correspondence- creating relations with inmates

Back 15

boundary violations

Front 16

prison managers

Back 16

Cannot select their clients, have little or no control over the release of clients, must deal with clients who are against their will, must rely on clients to finish jobs, must depend on the maintenance of satisfactory relationships between clients and staff

Front 17

any formal, structured activity that takes prisoners out of cells and let them do something

Back 17

prison programs

Front 18

make prison resemble the outside world (as much as possible) where released prisoners may go

Back 18

parallel universe

Front 19

the inmate works, gets training, and takes responsibility for planning their lives after release

Back 19

accountability model

Front 20

prisoners ought to receive no goods or services in excess

Back 20

principle of least eligibility

Front 21

to understand needs of prisoners

Back 21

classification process

Front 22

classification process

Back 22

educational level, drug and alcohol history, mental health history, medical history, employment, criminal history

Front 23

designed to distinguish inmates with respect to risk of escape, potential misconduct, and future criminal behavior

Back 23

predictive model

Front 24

use only few explicitly defined legal variables to classify inmates

Back 24

equity-based model

Front 25

treatment of the mind: in the prison setting this treatment is coercive in nature

Back 25

psychotherapy

Front 26

drug treatments designed to amelicrate the severity of symptoms of psychological illness

Back 26

psychotropic medications

Front 27

treatment emphasizes personal responsibility for actions and consequences

Back 27

reality therapy

Front 28

usually done in groups that brings offenders face to face with the crimes consequences for victim and society

Back 28

confrontation therapy

Front 29

patterns of interaction with others especially patterns that indicate personal problems

Back 29

transactional analysis

Front 30

focuses on changing the thinking and reasoning patterns that accompany criminal behavior

Back 30

cognitive skill building

Front 31

induces new behavior through reinforcements (rewards and punishments) role modeling and other active forms of teaching

Back 31

behavior therapy

Front 32

attempts to create an institutional environment that supports prosocial attitudes and behaviors

Back 32

social therapy

Front 33

every aspect of the prison is designed to promote prosocial attitudes and behavior

Back 33

therapeutic community

Front 34

attempt to teach the offender cognitive and vocational skills to help find employment upon release

Back 34

vocational rehabilitation

Front 35

literacy programs, GED, college, 2nd language

Back 35

educational programs

Front 36

legal restrictions that prevent released felons from voting and holding elective office, engaging in certain professions and occupations, and associating with known offenders

Back 36

civil disabilities

Front 37

successful components of substance abuse programs

Back 37

1. occurs in phases with residental treatment phase lasting 6-12 months
2. during treatment participants gradually earn privleges in therapeutic treatment setting
3. multiple treatment modalities used, psycotherapy, group therapy, vocational rehabilitation
4. staff and officials closely coordinate plans for release
5. treatment continues after release in therapy groups augmented by drug testing

Front 38

(religious programming) instution doesnt have right to stop one from practicing a religion unless its harmful

Back 38

first amendment programs

Front 39

needs that, when successfully adressed by treatment programs, result in lower rates of recidivism

Back 39

criminogenic needs

Front 40

a labor system under which a prison bought machinery and raw materials with which inmates manufactured a salable product

Back 40

public account system

Front 41

a labor system which goods produced by prison inductries are purchases by state institutions and agencies exclusively and never enetes free market

Back 41

state-use system

Front 42

a labor system which prison inmates work on public construction and maintenance projects

Back 42

public works and ways system

Front 43

ok to DUI (accepted way of thinking)

Back 43

dominant DUI paradigm

Front 44

marry your 1st cousin (do it a lot so not bad)

Back 44

folk crime

Front 45

not ok to DUI

Back 45

challenging DUI Paradigm

Front 46

two or more drugs

Back 46

synergistic

Front 47

license suspension

Back 47

special deterrence

Front 48

blood alcohol content

Back 48

BAC

Front 49

new BAC in PA

Back 49

.08 per se clause

Front 50

a deterrent

Back 50

random breath testing and sobriety check points

Front 51

license taken at scene

Back 51

administrative license suspension

Front 52

being able to handle more than you use to at some point liver wont work

Back 52

tolerence

Front 53

put on car if several DUI's put in information or blow in tube to test- test every few minutes to make sure driver is sober

Back 53

ignition interlock devices

Front 54

victims come to talk to DUI offenders

Back 54

victim impact panels

Front 55

Typers of drinkers

Back 55

-peer -social -problem
-dependent -alcoholic

Front 56

Seeing things

Back 56

delirium tremens

Front 57

abuse more than one at a time

Back 57

co-occurring disorder

Front 58

makes excuses for alcoholic

Back 58

enabling

Front 59

dont even know im lying

Back 59

denial

Front 60

life cirvles around the addict

Back 60

co-dependency

Front 61

excuses about drinking

Back 61

rationalization

Front 62

crazy from alcohol

Back 62

alcohol psychosis

Front 63

skills for sober

Back 63

therapeutic community

Front 64

3-7 years old, children, are hyper, defiant, involuntary movement

Back 64

oppositional defiant

Front 65

ages 12-18- committing greater crimes

Back 65

conduct disorder

Front 66

a "chemical castration" drug that eliminates sexual response among men

Back 66

depo-provera

Front 67

a legal process that results in the removal of a conviction from official records

Back 67

expungement

Front 68

How many people die from DUI related accidents?

Back 68

18,000 people/year

Front 69

Average DUI violator

Back 69

80 times/year and drives 3 3/4 years between arrests

Front 70

reasons for jail crowding

Back 70

-not immediate acceptance into prisons for those who should be sentenced there
-trial time is too long

Front 71

solutions to jail crowding

Back 71

before trial:
-increase availability of release options such as supervised release
-speeding up trials
after trial:
-policies regarding use of jails
-crime rates in jurisdiction served by the jails

Front 72

problems with prison overcrowding

Back 72

-opportunities for aggressive inmates to hide weapons
-misclassified and force to live among violent offenders

Front 73

reasons for prison crowding

Back 73

-too many offenders are sentenced to prisions

Front 74

solutions to prison crowding

Back 74

-Null strategy
-construction strategy
-intermediate sanctions
-prison population reduction

Front 75

the strategy of doing nothing to relieve crowding in prisons, under the assumption that the problem is temporary and will disappear in time.

Back 75

Null strategy

Front 76

a strategy of building new facilities to meet the demand for prison space

Back 76

construction strategy

Front 77

one way to punish in the community those individuals who require some kind of punishment and supervision short of incarceration. Included community service, restitution, fines, boot camp, home confinement, and intensive probation supervision.

Back 77

Intermediate sanctions

Front 78

Parole, work release, and good time to get offenders out of prison before the end of their term to free space for newcomers.

Back 78

prison population reduction

Front 79

a facility with a podular architectural design and management policies that emphasizes interaction of inmates and staff and provision of services. made up of two or more pods

Back 79

new-generation jail

Front 80

self-contained living areas, for 12-25 inmates, composed of individual cells for privacy and open areas for social interaction

Back 80

podular unit

Front 81

a method of correctional supervision in which staff members have direct physical interaction with inmates throughout the day

Back 81

direct supervision

Front 82

goals for surveillance

Back 82

-community protection
-makes offenders less likely to commit a crime
-catches active criminals earlier in their recidivism

Front 83

surveillance controls

Back 83

-drug
-electronic
-programmatic

Front 84

the use of drugs to control human behavior

Back 84

drug controls

Front 85

given to alcohol abusers

Back 85

antabuse

Front 86

a drug used to control violent or aggressive behavior caused by psychiatric problems

Back 86

thorazine

Front 87

a drug used to decrease the negative emotions associated with depression

Back 87

prozac

Front 88

Costs less than incarceration. helps probation officer to obtain direct, unbiased information about the offenders behavior and compliance with the law

Back 88

elctronic controls

Front 89

estabilished elements of treatment programs. ie: drug testing

Back 89

programmatic controls

Front 90

Policy makers have tried to escape prison overcrowding by claiming that community correctional programs are

Back 90

as safe as prisions

Front 91

One thing we know about chemical controls as techniques of surveillance and control is that they

Back 91

are never 100% certain

Front 92

Electronic monitoring has become particularly popular with

Back 92

sex offenders

Front 93

The English refer to electronic monitoring as

Back 93

tagging

Front 94

This allows the correctional worker to process an array of subtle information such as body language, attitudes, and odors, etc

Back 94

personal contact

Front 95

Routine, random contacts allow the correctional officer to observe a wider range of the offender's behavior in a broader array of situations, which yields a deeper understanding of the offender's

Back 95

compliance with the law

Front 96

These tests have recently been developed to aid in drug testing

Back 96

on-the-spot tests

Front 97

Various forms of surveillance are common in society and are not necessarily

Back 97

a bad thing

Front 98

Critics of some of the new types of community surveillance argue that whenever government is allowed to intervene into citizen's lives without restraint, ________ is the result.

Back 98

tyranny

Front 99

The most direct limit to community surveillance and control is

Back 99

techonology

Front 100

The term for the ability to live freely with our families, in our homes and communities without being subjected to inordinate controls over our autonomy is

Back 100

personal liberty

Front 101

designed to give confidence to a doubting public that offenders living in the community pose no threat.

Back 101

tough supervision

Front 102

A basic motivation for surveillance programs is

Back 102

institutional violence

Front 103

Deterrence makes offenders less willing to commit a crime because they are being watched so closely and it also catches active criminals earlier in their

Back 103

recidivism

Front 104

Drugs, electronics, human surveillance, and control programs used either separately or in combination are

Back 104

techniques of survellance, control

Front 105

one of the main strategies for controlling human behavior

Back 105

chemicals

Front 106

probation officer can simply call the offender on the phone and conduct a face-to-face interview without leaving their office

Back 106

visual monitoring via telephone lines control

Front 107

potential losses to victims and to the system if the offenders fail; injury from violent crimes and public pressure

Back 107

stakes

Front 108

a range of correctional management strategies based on the degress of intrusiveness and control over the offender along which an offender is moved based on response to correctional programs

Back 108

continuum of sanctions