Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Pressure |
continuous physical force extended on or against an object |
|
|
Density |
the degree of compactness of a substance |
|
|
Equation of state |
p=pRT pressure= density x ideal gas constant x temperature |
|
|
Ideal gas constant |
Air= 287 jolls Helium= 2077 jolls Hydrogen= 4124 jolls |
|
|
Lift equation |
1/2 x p x V^2 x A x Cl A= wing area Cl= lift coefficient |
|
|
Lift curve |
Helps find the angle of attack |
|
|
Lift |
Force that directly opposes the weight of an airplane and holds it in the air |
|
|
Drag |
the retarding force experienced by objects as they move through a fluid |
|
|
Drag polar |
relationship between drag and lift |
|
|
Drag equation |
D= Cd x (1/2) x p x V^2 x S |
|
|
How an airship generates lift |
Uses helium or hydrogen to generate lift |
|
|
Why air pressure decreases as altitude increases |
bc of gravity, molecules have more weight the closer they are to earth so it causes them to move to lower elevations --> causes increased pressure bc number of molecules |
|
|
Why air density increases as altitude decreases |
At higher altitudes, there is less air pushing from above and the gravity is weaker from Earth's center, at higher altitudes, air molecules can spread out more and air density decreases |
|
|
Major types of wings used in aircraft |
Straight wing, swept-back wing, delta wing, tapered wing, variable geometry wing |
|
|
Supersonic |
Speeds up to 5 times greater than the speed of sound (Mach 5) |
|
|
Mach number |
dimensionless quantity representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound object speed/ speed of sound |
|
|
How a turbojet engine works |
Move the airplane forward with a great force that is produced by a tremendous thrust and causes the plane to fly very fast |
|
|
How a turbofan engine works |
A turbojet with the fan in front, incoming air is captured by the engine inlet, some air passes through the fan and continues on the core compressor where combustion occurs |
|
|
How a turboprop engine works |
Uses a gas turbine core to turn a propeller, drives an aircraft propeller |
|
|
high by-pass ratio turbofan |
the ratio between the mass flow rate of air drawn through the fan disk that bypasses the engine core to the mass flow rate passing through the engine core. |
|
|
Major components of a turbojet engine |
-fan,compressor, shaft, turbine |
|
|
Major components of a turbofan engine |
-fan, compressor, combustor, turbine |
|
|
Wingtip (wake) vortex |
Formed anytime an airfoil is producing lift, wing vorticies |
|
|
Benefits to adding winglets to the wings |
Used to reduce the wing tip losses, added on the wing tips |
|
|
Wing stalls |
When angle of attack increases beyond a certain point such that lift begins to decrease |
|
|
aerodynamics |
the study of the properties of solid objects through moving air |
|
|
airfoil |
-cross sectional shape of a wing, a blade, a sail -when moved through the air, it generates aerodynamic forces such as lift and drag |
|
|
components of an airfoil |
chord, camber, thickness, mean camber line, leading edge, trailing edge |
|
|
how an airfoil generates lift |
The pressure and friction distribution over the airfoil results in aerodynamic force, force acts near quarter chord point |
|
|
control surface |
allow aircraft to maneuver in three different directions |
|
|
major control surfaces of an aircraft |
1) Elevator: induces pitch, nose up and down motion 2) Ailerons for roll control: induce roll, wings up and down motion 3) Rudder for yaw control: induces yaw, side to side motion |
|
|
location of control surfaces |
|
|
|
Wright Brothers |
1st practical airplane, 1st flight 120ft, Kitty Hawk, called Wright Flyer December 17 1903 |
|
|
Glenn Curtiss |
Competitor of the Wrights, came up with movable panels Curtiss June Bug--> Sceintific American Prize, it flew in a straight line! |
|
|
George Cayley |
A member of Parliament, set standard on how airplanes should be (1st model glider, "whirling arm" precursor of wind tunnels, built full sized airplane) |
|
|
Dr. Hugo Eckner |
commander of the Graf Zeppelin |
|
|
Juan Trippe |
entrepreneur, founder of Pan Am! |
|
|
Lockheed Constellation |
Propeller-driven, 4 engined airliner, 1943 to 1958 |
|
|
Boeing 747 |
Manufacturered by Boeing Commercial Airplanes, American wide body commercial jet airliner and cargo aircraft,jumbo jet |
|
|
Pan Am |
founded in March 14, 1927, best in the world, name and logo 2nd in world recognition |
|
|
Where and why Hidenburg disaster happened |
May 6th, 1937 Lakehurst NJ, hydrogen leaked into the ventilation shafts |
