Ame

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Join or Die

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cartoon by Ben Franklin about the "disunitedstate" of the colonies, and helped make his point about the importance of colonial unity

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William Randolph Hearst

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USA newspaper publisherwhose introduction of large headlines and sensational reporting changed AmericanJournalism, (1863-1951)

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Frederic Remington

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· A beloved American painter and sculptor whofocused on the West and cowboys.

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Yellow Journalism

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· Newspaper stories that are not necessarily trueto make the stories seem more appealing to the public.

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Muckraking

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· Journalism that writes about injustices andexposes the filth of society….. Example is: Attacking corporations and politicalcorruption.

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Thomas Nast

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· Famous cartoonist in 19th century andis the father of American Political cartooning. His artwork was primarily basedon political corruption. He helped people realise the corruption of somepoliticians…… he created Santa Claus and Republican Elephant and the DemocraticDonkey.

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Spin Doctor

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· Providing an interpretation of an event orcampaign to persuade public opinion in favor or against a certain organizationor public figure. (newspapers and media)

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Pentagon Papers

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Top-secret documents, publishedby The New York Times in 1971, that showed the mistakes and deceptions that ledthe United States into the Vietnam War

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Prior Restraint= Stop a message before it iscommunicated

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Censorship which occurs inadvance of publication. Meant submitting all proposed publications togovernment censors who exercised considerable discretion regarding the contentto be approved for publication.

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Public Policy

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· The course of action the government takes inresponse to an issue or problem.

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• Rationalism

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Greatest value for the lowest cost

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Rational Model

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· Assumes complete agreement on goals, knowledgeof alternative policies, and the ability to calculate and select the polices ofthe greatest benefits and least costs.

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The Science of Muddling Through- Critique ofrational model

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· muddling is when you do something by justgetting by and doing the best you can, muddling is also increment….. Charles Limbaugh created.

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Incrementalism

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Policies based on variations from the past….. ex. Food Stamps, certain items are approvedso people don’t take advantage of the system. Helps with Uncertainty. What isthe theory of policy change that involves changes a little at a time. However, it is not successful with times of crisislike war

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Elite Theory-

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· Operates on the control of masses and that thepopulation is apathetic and uninformed for public policy…… The spreading ofpower among an elite few…..1) Individual Liberties. 2) Limited Government. 3)Private Property.

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Policy

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Actions that governmentdecided to take or not to take.

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Group Theory

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- Modelof public policy making that involves interest groups.

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Political Socialization

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· The process through which individuals acquiretheir political beliefs and values….can occur because of family, peers, and themass media.

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Public Opinion

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The collective attitudesand beliefs of individuals on one or more issues

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Surveys

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What makes a good surveywhich is…..1) A decent # of people. 2)Who you ask 3) Checking for loaded questions. (Loaded question= when you are forcing a answer…. and when answersare re-worded).