Amber Chemistry C3

Front 1

Some metal ions form coloured hydroxide precipitates

How to produce them

What colours do

Copper(ll)

Iron(ll)

Iron(lll)

Back 1

The sample solution is placed in a test tube and a few drops of dilute sodium hydroxide solution are added

Front 2

Newlands table table 3 negatives

Back 2

•the law failed after chemistry

•some metals and non metals were in the same column

•there was no room for new elements

Hint 2

Front 3

Mendeleeve 3 facts

Back 3

•published a table in 1869

•elements in order of atomic weight

•left gaps in his table for elements that had not been discovered yet

•elements with similar properties in the same group

•Group 8 was missing

Hint 3

Front 4

What are the group one metals called?

Back 4

Alkali metals

Front 5

Name 3 properties of group 1 metals

Back 5

•metals

•low density

•react with nonmetals and form ionic compounds

•form +1 ions

•react with water to form hydrogen or hydroxide solutions

Front 6

Whats the reactivity of group 1 metals and why?

Back 6

More reactive as you move down, less attraction to nucleus so are lost easier

Lower melting point as you go down

Hint 6

Front 7

Where are the transition metals located?

Back 7

In between the group 2 and 3 elements

Front 8

What are 3 properties of transition metals?

Back 8

•higher densities

•higher melting points

•stronger and harder

•less reactive

•form colourful compounds

•used as catalysts

•form more that one type of ion

Front 9

What are the group 7 elements called?

Back 9

The halogens

Front 10

WhAt are the group 7 properties?

Back 10

•non-metals

•react with metals to form ionic compounds

•form halide ions with a -1 charge

Front 11

What are the group one metals called?

Back 11

Alkali metals

Front 12

Name 3 properties of group 1 metals

Back 12

•metals

•low density

•react with nonmetals and form ionic compounds

•form +1 ions

•react with water to form hydrogen or hydroxide solutions

Front 13

Whats the reactivity of group 1 metals and why?

Back 13

More reactive as you move down, less attraction to nucleus so are lost easier

Lower melting point as you go down

Hint 13

Front 14

Where are the transition metals located?

Back 14

In between the group 2 and 3 elements

Front 15

What are 3 properties of transition metals?

Back 15

•higher densities

•higher melting points

•stronger and harder

•less reactive

•form colourful compounds

•used as catalysts

•form more that one type of ion

Front 16

What are the group 7 elements called?

Back 16

The halogens

Front 17

WhAt are the group 7 properties?

Back 17

•non-metals

•react with metals to form ionic compounds

•form halide ions with a -1 charge

Front 18

Whats the group 7 reactivity trend? Why?

Back 18

•less reactive as you go down, the lower the amount of shells the stronger the force(nucleus) to attract electrons

Hint 18

Front 19

What are the group 7 displacement reactions and how

Back 19

•a more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen

Front 20

Whats the difference between hard and soft water

Back 20

Soft water forms lather when shaken with soap but hard water does not easily form a lather

Front 21

Whats the difference between hard and soft water

Back 21

Soft water forms lather when shaken with soap but hard water does not easily form a lather

Front 22

How does hard water form?

Back 22

Hard water forms when calcium ions And magnesium ions dissolve in it

Front 23

Whats the difference between hard and soft water

Back 23

Soft water forms lather when shaken with soap but hard water does not easily form a lather

Front 24

How does hard water form?

Back 24

Hard water forms when calcium ions And magnesium ions dissolve in it

Front 25

What are the two types or hardness and whats the difference?

Back 25

•permanent hard water stays hard when its boiled

•temporary hard water is softened when it boils

Front 26

Whats the difference between hard and soft water

Back 26

Soft water forms lather when shaken with soap but hard water does not easily form a lather

Front 27

How does hard water form?

Back 27

Hard water forms when calcium ions And magnesium ions dissolve in it

Front 28

What are the two types or hardness and whats the difference?

Back 28

•permanent hard water stays hard when its boiled

•temporary hard water is softened when it boils

Front 29

Equation for temporary hardness

Back 29

Back (Definition)

Front 30

Whats the difference between hard and soft water

Back 30

Soft water forms lather when shaken with soap but hard water does not easily form a lather

Front 31

How does hard water form?

Back 31

Hard water forms when calcium ions And magnesium ions dissolve in it

Front 32

What are the two types or hardness and whats the difference?

Back 32

•permanent hard water stays hard when its boiled

•temporary hard water is softened when it boils

Front 33

Equation for temporary hardness

Back 33

Back (Definition)

Front 34

Benefits and problems with softening hard water

Back 34

•hard water has calcium compounds that are good for teeth and bones

•hard water increases costs as more soap is needed

•hard water increases cost as it reduces efficiency of heating systems and kettles. It forms limescale when heated which forms a coat inside kettles

Front 35

Explain how washing soda can soften water

Back 35

Sodium carbonate disolves and reacts with the calcium ions and magnesium ions then the disolved precipitates are removed

Front 36

How may permanent hard water may be softened using an ion exchange column

Back 36

The column is packed with ion exchange resins. As the hard water flows through its calcium ions are swapped for sodium ions from the resin.

Front 37

What are the main stages in purifying water?

Back 37

Water from river or reservoir

Filter beds/remove solids

Chlorine added/ reduces microbes

Front 38

What are the main stages in purifying water?

Back 38

Water from river or reservoir

Filter beds/remove solids

Chlorine added/ reduces microbes

Front 39

What is the distillation of water?

Back 39

•sea water is boiled

•the water vapour is cooled and condensed

•forms pure water

Front 40

What are the main stages in purifying water?

Back 40

Water from river or reservoir

Filter beds/remove solids

Chlorine added/ reduces microbes

Front 41

What is the distillation of water?

Back 41

•sea water is boiled

•the water vapour is cooled and condensed

•forms pure water

Front 42

Problems with distillation of water

Back 42

A lot of energy is required

Front 43

What are water filters used for and what do they use?

Back 43

•used to improve quality and taste of water

•they use carbon, silver and ion exchange resins

Front 44

What are water filters used for and what do they use?

Back 44

•used to improve quality and taste of water

•they use carbon, silver and ion exchange resins

Front 45

advantages and disadvantages of using fluoride in water?

Back 45

•strengthens teeth

•reduces tooth decay

•too much may cause weak bones

•and discoloured teeth

•unethical

Front 46

What is a calorimetry used for?

Back 46

Method to ensure the amount of energy released or absorbed by a chemical reaction