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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The viral capsid protective outer shell is constructed from identical subunits called ?
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capsomers
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Morphology of a capsid can be ? or ?
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helical
icosahedral |
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capsomers can be arranged to make different ? viruses and this arrangement is dictated by ? of nucleic acids of the virus
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shaped
hydrogen bonds |
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Icosahedral is a ? dimensial, ? sided figure with ? corners
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3
20 12 |
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papilloma and herpes viruses have an ?
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envelope
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? viruses have envelopes
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animal
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Name the parts of the virus from top to bottom?
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capsid
sheath base plate pin tail fiber |
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Viruses release ? to make a hole in a host cell, which helps them penetrate and release their ? material
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lysozyme
genetic |
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Bacteriophages have more ? and have more creative ? , than in the viruses that infect humans
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genes
shapes |
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Enveloped viruses take a bit of the host cell ? in the form of an envelope during ?
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membrane
budding |
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In the envelope, some or all of the regular membrane proteins are replaced with ? proteins
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viral
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Some proteins form a binding layer between the envelope and the ?
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capsid
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Glycoproteins remain exposed as ? that are essential for attachment and pathogenicity
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spikes
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? is a membrane fussion protein expressed on the surface of inluenza viruses that helps it attach to cells, and is abbreviated ?
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hemagglutinin
H |
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? is a membrane fusion protein expressed on the surface of inlfuenza viruses that helps it detach from cells, and is abbreviated ?
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neuraminidase
N |
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H1N1 is ? flu
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swine
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What are the 3 functions of the viral capsid ? and which ones are Pro-virus and which one is Pro-host?
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1-protection =pro-virus
2-introduction of viral Genes=pro-virus 3-stimulates the immune system=pro-host |
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How does the capsid provide protection?
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It protects the viral genes from various enzymes and chemicals when the virus is outside the host cell.
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how does the capsid help introduce viral genes into a host cell?
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first by binding to a host cell and then by assisting in penetration of the host cell and introducing nucleic acid
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how can a capsid stimulate the immune system of a host?
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It can make a cell produce antibodies that can neutralize viruses and protect the host's cells against future infections.
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Viruses are often grouped based on their ?
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genetic material
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The some total of the genetic information carried by an organism is known as its ?
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Genome
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Viral genes are ? in size compared with a bacterial and human cell
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quite small
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Viruses only have the genes necessary to invade host cells and ? their activity. Viruses can contain as few as ? genes.
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redirect
4 |
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The most common form of DNA found in viruses is ?DNA because it is the most common found in ? cells.
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dsDNA
host |
