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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The first line of defense includes any barrier that blocks invasion at the ?
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portal of entry
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The first line of defense is the mostly nonspecific line of defense that limits access to ? tissues of the body.
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internal
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The first line of defense is not considered a true immune response because it does not involve recognition of a ? foreign substance but is very general in action
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specific
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The second line of defense is a more internalized system of protective cells and fluids that includes ? and ?
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inflammation
phagocytosis |
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The ? line of defense acts rapidly at both the local and systemic levels once the first line of defense has been circumvented
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second
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The ? line of defense is highly specific and is acquired on an individual basis as each foreign substance is encountered by WBC's called ?
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third
lymphocytes |
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The third line of defense provides long term ?
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immunity
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lysozyme targets ? and is effective against gram ? bacteria
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peptidoglycon
positive |
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The ? and ? of the respiratory and digestive tracts have several built in defenses.
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skin
mucous membranes |
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? chemical defenses do not know if the pathogen is gram+, gram -, or a fungus, they target as wide of a range as possible.
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Nonspecific
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An additional defense in tears and saliva is ?, an enzyme that hydrolyzes the peptidoglycan in the cell wall of gram ? bacteria.
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lysozyme
positive |
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The second line of defense encompasses all the nonspecific cells and ? found in the tissues and blood.
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chemicals
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The third line of defense, the ?/? immune response, is customized to react to specific antigens of a microbial invader.
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specific/cell mediated
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The third line of defense is designed to immobilize and ? a specific invader every time it appears in the host.
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destroy
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? encompasses the study of all features of the body's second and third lines of defense.
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Immunology
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The immune system operates first as a ? system that discriminates between the host's self identity markers and the nonself(anitgens) identity markers of foreign cells
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surveillance
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As far as the immune system is concerned, an ? is not self, it is foreign, doesn't belong, and must be ?
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antigen
destroyed |
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Name the five systems involved in immune defenses?
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C=circulatory
E=extracellular C=cerebrospinal I= intracellular L=lymphatic |
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The five system of the immune defenses are ? separated but have numerous ?
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physically
connections |
