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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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blown pupil means
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ICP causing uncal herniation through tentorial notch injuring CN3
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causes of acute uncal herniation
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massive intracerebral hemorrhage, extradural and subdural hematomas
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definition of consciousness
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state of awareness of one's self and the environment
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delirium
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succession of confused and unconnected ideas
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lethargy
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resembles profound slumber; can be aroused with moderate external stimulation but immediately relapses
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stupor
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deep sleep or unresponsiveness from which child can be aroused only with repeated vigorous stimuli
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difference between vegetative state and coma
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vegetative state: eyes may open spontaneously
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most common cause of altered level of consciousness
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infection either of brain or meninges
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ascending reticular activating system
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sleep center
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ARAS located near which CNs?
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CN 2,3,4,8
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How do medical causes of altered consciousness present? structural?
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diffuse cerebral disfunction; compression of ARAS
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pupillary reflex controlled by?
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parasympathetic (pupillary constrictors) and sympathetic (pupillary dilators)
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expanding lesions in the temporal area of the brain
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uncal herniation and compression of CN III; unilateral dilated and fixed pupil
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oculocephalic reflex
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child with a functioning brainstem: head turned to one side and eyes move in conjugate fashion, regardless of level of consciousness
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doll eyes
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eyes do not move at all relative to the head; indicates low brainstem lesion
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decorticate posturing
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legs stiffen and arms rigidly flexed at elbow and wrist
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decerbrate posturing
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arms and legs extend and pronate in response to pain
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altered level of consciousness and fever
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infectious or toxic ingestion
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