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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CD14
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binds lipopolysaccharide on gram (-) bacteria
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scavenger receptor
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bind (-) things on gram (+) bacteria
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NFKB
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ligation of TLRs activates this transcription factor
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C3B
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this coats bacteria which binds to a complement receptor and enhances phagocytosis
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CD56
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surface molecule of NK cells
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IL1B, IL6, IL12, TNF(alpha), CXCL8
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pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines
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CD3
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works with T-cell receptors and includes an ITAM motif
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CD8+
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marks cytotoxic T cells. transmembrane glycoprotein that stabilizes TCR and MHC interaction.
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CD4+
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marks T helper cells. transmembrane glycoprotein that stabilizes TCR and MHC interaction.
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B7
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EXPRESSED ON apc and functions to interact with CD28. cosignals that are part of the 3-step process of activating naive T cells
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IL2
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activation of TCR --> cascade --> induce this gene = proliferation and differentiation
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Th1
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secrete IFN(gamma) and activate macrophage, antibody class switch
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Th2
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secrete IL4 and IL5 and activate B cells and antibody response, helps b cells switch to IgE
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Th17
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secret Il17 and trigger inflammation! Enhance neutrophil response
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T regulatory cells
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secrete TGF(beta) and IL10 and inhibit dendritic and T cell activation. Important for immuna tolerance maintenance.
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CD28
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cosignals that are part of the 3-step process of activating naive T cells. function to interact with B7 on APC
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IgE
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binds mast cells and basophils, eosinophils
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IgG
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can do placental transfer. prominent in secondary antibody response
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IgA
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used in mucosal immunity
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BCR
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B cell antigen receptor, consists of cell surface Ig and signaling molecules Ig(alpha/beta). Ig(alpha/beta) contains ITAM motif.
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CD40, CD21
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costimulatory receptors for BCR activation
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IgM
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predominant in primary antibody response
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spo11p
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initiates the ds break in recombination
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polo-like kinases
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activate Cdc25 phosphatase
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Cdc25 phosphatase
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activates Cdk1 by removing its inhibitory phosphatase
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APC
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E3 ubiquitin ligase that directs proteolysis of key mitotic proteins including securin and clclin
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Cdc20
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activator of anaphase promoting complex (APC)
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wasp/scar proteins
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promote the formation of actin filament branches by arp 2/3 complex
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tektin
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help attach A microtubule to B microtubule in axonemes
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CD34 surface marker
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found on pluripotent stem cells
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CD33 surface marker
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found on restricted stem cells
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HbE
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found in the nucleated RBCs made by yolk sac erythropoesis
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ICAD
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inhibitor of caspase activated DNAase, when inactivated DNA is broken down=apoptosis
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mutations of p53
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frequently are missence mutations that have dominant negative effect on normal .......... the mutations allow for lack of cycle cycle control
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akt
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part of the PIP3 pathway to inhibit apoptosis/activate cell growth. gets phosphorylated by PDK1 and mTOR and then goes on to posporylate BAD which releases the apoptotic inhibitor BCL-2
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mTOR
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is activated when bond to AKT and PDK1 then goes on to do many other cell growth pathways.
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PTEN
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PIP3 phosphotase= tumor supressor
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Bcl2
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binds to BH123 (Bax,Bak) proteins in the mitrochondrial membrane and inhibits BH123 from forming pores
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BH123
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rest on the mitochondrial membrane and act with Bcl-2 proteins to inhibit pore formation, if not complexed with bcl-2 then pro-apoptotic and form pores
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BH3
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bind bcl-2 proteins breaking the complex between bcl-2 proteins and BH123 (Bak, Bax) thereby allowing BH123 proteins to form pores for the release of cytochrome C. examples are BID and BAD
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Inhibitors of Apoptosis (IAP)
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inactivate pro-apoptotic caspases. can be modified by anti-IAPs (SMAC and DIABLO) thereby restarting apoptosis
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