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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Proteinuria. List cause(s).
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- Orthostatic (postural hypotension)
- Exercise - Fever |
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Nitrite. List cause(s).
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- G(-) UTIs
- Eating too much vegetables (false positive) Explanation: G(-) create nitrite from nitrate using a reductase enzyme. |
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A patient eats lots of vegetables in her diet. What particular substance would be elevated in his/her urine?
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Nitrite
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Leukocyte esterase. List cause(s).
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PMN (due to bacterial UTI)
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If a patient has UTI symptoms but has negative leukocyte esterase in her urine, what does this mean?
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She may have a non-bacterial UTI (trichomonas, yeast, chlamydia)
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What does it mean if dipstick is (+) for blood but you see no RBCs on microscopy?
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There is hemoglobin in the urine (due to hemolytic anemia or malaria)
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What dipstick an microscopic findings would you have for patients with hemolytic anemia or malaria?
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- Dipstick is (+) for blood
- no RBCs on microscopy |
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What do whole (non-distorted) RBCs in the urine indicate?
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Blood from urinary tract
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What do distorted RBCs in urine indicate?
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Blood from within the nephron
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Bilirubin. List cause(s).
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- Obstructive jaundice
- Liver disease / cirrhosis |
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Urobilinogen. List cause(s)
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- Liver disease
- Hemolytic anemia |
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Hemolytic anemia would result in what levels of bilirubin and urobilinogen?
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Low urine bilirubin; High urobilinogen
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Obstructive liver disease would result in what levels of bilirubin and urobilinogen?
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High urine bilirubin; Normal/low urobilinogen
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Glycosuria. List cause(s).
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Diabetes
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Ketones. List cause(s).
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- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Alcaholics - Starvation ketosis |
