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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the MOA of alpha 2 agonists?
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inhibit NE release by binding presynaptically
*also act post-synaptically, may cause ADEs |
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What are the systemic effects of alpha 2 agonists?
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respiratory depression
biphasic BP response increased urine output analgesia muscle relaxation |
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How do the effects of alpha 2 agonists differ with dose?
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increased doses cause a longer duration of action, but there is a ceiling effect on the level of sedation produced
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What is the effect of alpha 2 agonists on excited animals?
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they may not work if animal has high sympathetic tone (outcompeted by endogenous signals)
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What are the alpha 2 agonists?
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Xylazine
Detomidine Medetomidine Dexmedetomidine Romifidine |
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Which alpha 2 agonist is the least selective? the most?
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Xylazine is the least selective
Medetomidine is the most |
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What is selectivity related to alpha 2 agonists?
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ratio of alpha 2 to alpha 1 activity
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What are the species differences seen with alpha 2 agonists?
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cattle are very sensitive (give low dose)
pigs relatively resistant *mostly applies to Xylazine |
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Which alpha 2 agonists are used in horses?
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detomidine, romifidine
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What is the benefit of using dexmedetomidine instead of medetomidine?
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fewer cardiovascular effects, used in dogs and cats
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What are the alpha 2 antagonists?
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Yohimbine
Atipamazole Tolazoline |
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What are alpha 2 antagonists used for?
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reversal of alpha 2 agonists
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What is Yohimbine used for?
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reversal of Xylazine
*less selective than other antagonists |
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What is Atipamazole used for?
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reversal of dexmedetomidine (can also reverse the others)
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What is Tolazoline used for?
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reversal, but also can affect other non-alpha receptors
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