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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ALLERGY and the RESPIRATORY System By Jackson
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ALLERGY and the RESPIRATORY System By Jackson
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Allergy
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Allergy - a disease or reaction caused by an immune response to one or more environmental antigens, resulting in tissue inflammation and organ dysfunction; a type of hypersensitivity.
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Atopy
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a genetically determined state of hypersensitivity to common environmental allergens, mediated by IgE antibodies.
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hypersensitivity
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Hypersensitivity - a state of heightened reactivity to antigen; Hypersensitivity reaction is an immune response to innocuous antigens that lead to symptomatic reactions upon re-exposure.
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What do Th2 T cells produce that are helpful for allergy?
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cytokines IL 4 and 13 that influence isotype switching to make IgE antibody
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Role of IgE antibody
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enters the tissues and binds to a high affinity receptor on the surface of the mast cells, and basophils in the blood. and now these cells are sensitized and ready to respond to allergens. so the next time this atopic person encounters the same allergen, some of the allergen molecules enter tissue and find their way to mast cells specific for the allergen, causing degranulation and release of inflammatory mediators. This is type 1 hypersensitivity
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What mechanisms are involved in anaphylaxis?
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-IgE bound to mast cells
-Allergen triggers mast cell degranulation -Systemic release of inflammatory mediators |
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Hygiene theory
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when you're born, the balance between the Th1 and Th2 is skewed more towards the Th2. but when you're exposed to certain infections, those infections trigger a response that increase the amount of type 1 helper T cells and decease type 2
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How would you measure allergen specific IgE?
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RAST test
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What cytokine is most important for IgE antibody production?
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IL- 4 and 13
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Farmer with progressive worsening chronic cough, weight loss, dyspnea, deceased ability to work, non-smoker, no known allergies, no IgE. Most likely cause is
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hypersensitivity pneumonitis
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