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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What Ag makes people allergic to peanuts?
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Ara H 1, 2, 3, 6
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What Ag makes people allergic to cats?
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Fel D 1 is a peptide epitope recognized by CD4 TCRs
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what Ag makes people allergic to grass?
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Phl p 1, 2, 5, 6
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What makes people allergic to ragweed?
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Amb a 1
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What does Ag Der p 1 do?
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protein in dist mite poop that migrates through epithelial barrier to DC
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What causes pollen allergies?
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lipids. most allergic people have high levels of CD1+ alveolar macrophages which bind lipids
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What response is triggered by pollen allergy lipids binding CD1+ Macros
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Release of IL4, IF-Gamma, IL10, and TGF-Beta which all lead to IgE production
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What do TH2 cells secrete in allergic response? what does this cause?>
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IL4, IL5, IL13
lead to allergen specific IgE production Atopic people have LOTS of TH2 cells |
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Why are there more allergies now?
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Kids are too clean
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How can lotion give baby peanut allergy?
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many lotions contain peanut proteins and baby can get allergies according to one study
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What causes some peopl to be more prone to allergies(atopy)
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Variation of IL4 promoter=IgE switch
Variants of IgE receptor Variants of MHC-II=epitope representation Variant of B-adrenergic receptor=symptom variation |
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What is the deal with endotoxin?
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endotoxin acts via TLR4 and CD14(binds LPS)
polymorphims in CD14 gene promoter related to asthma |
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Is there an interaction between polymorphisms of CD14 promoter and endotoxin?
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YES
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Maternal transmission of allergies
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mom mice allergic to peanuts given small doses of peanuts while pregnant-->healthier baby mice (IgG2a switch to IgG1
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Can the mother's environment effect baby?
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Moms exposed to low doses of Ag had healthier babies
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Tx: Allergies
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Avoid Ag; Symptom treatments; Cromolyn reduces mast cell degranulation; desensitization; anti-IgE Ab
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How do you make a cat hypoallergenic
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selectively breed for low Fel D 1 cats
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Tx of allrgy symptoms
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anthistamine
adrenaline corticosteroid-blocks everything antileukotrienone cromolyn-less mast cell degranulation |
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How do you treat Anaphylaxis?
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Epinephrine-->vascular smooth muscle contraction-->increased Cardiac Output & inhibit more mast cells degranulating
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Tx of Bronchial Asthma
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Corticosteroids, phosphodiesterase inbitors
reduce inflammation relax bronchial smooth muscles |
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What is desensitixzation?
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expose to low doses of Ag and slowly increase dosage-- try to develop more TH1 cells
adjuvants to TLR9 ligand promote TH1 response induces Tregs and IgG secreting B cells |
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What are Anti-IgE antibodies
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Bind IgE masking Fc Receptor site to block mast cell activation
Must take drug rest of life bc allergy returns after drug is stopped--helps if coupled with desensitization |
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Possible Tx
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oral TGF-B
cytokine antagonists(IL4, IL5, IL13) |
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what can inhaled Ag cause?
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Allergic rhinitis(runny nose) in upper
Asthma in lower resp tract Chronic due to cytokines and eosinophils-->epithelium destruction and nonspecific inflammation |
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How does asthma become chronic?
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iritant is not Ag
chronic exposure remodeling airway -->thick lamina reticularis more neutros and eosinos Test for it with methacholine(bronchoconstrictor) keep increasing dose until 20% closed airway |
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what happens in skin exposure to Ag
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urticaria, hives
chronic-->eczema latex can be Type I or IV hypersenstivity can also get urticaria from systemic exposure |
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Triggers of Urticaria
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IgE dependent type I cell
IgG Ab against IgE receptor Neuropeptides immune complexes(Type III) Direct effect on mast cells |
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How does skin allergic reaction occur?
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DC
Hertainocytes secrete cutokines to call over mast cells |
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What does a Tbet knockout do?
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leads to more TH2
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