All

Front 1

hydroxychloroquine

Back 1

-disease-modifying anti-rheumatoid drug that causes retinal deposits (as side effect)

Front 2

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

"NSAiD"

Back 2

= hemorrhagic adrenalitis

-Neisseria meningitidis septicemia
-Shock (hypotension)
-Adrenocortical insufficiency (with bilateral adrenal hemorrhage)
-DIC, with purport on surface of skin

-various proposed mechanisms of adrenal hemorrhage
--> adrenal galnds converted into sacs of clotted blood

Front 3

Neisseria meningitidis

Back 3

-gram-negative diplococcus

Front 4

complement deficiency in MAC (C5b-C9)

Back 4

-results in recurrent meningococcal infections, as well as Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections

Front 5

C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency

Back 5

-causes hereditary angioneurotic edema

Front 6

C3 deficiency

Back 6

-causes recurrent bacterial infections

Front 7

adrenal gland viscerosomatic reflex

Back 7

-sympathetic viscerosomatic relfex for adrenal glands are at T8-T10 ipsilaterally

-no known parasympathetic viscerosomatic reflex for adrenal glands

Front 8

Hepatic encephalopathy

Back 8

-presents with history of cirrhosis, plus onset of personality change, lethargy, and disorientation

-symptoms are due to increased ammonia that enters brain
-liver is damaged to point that it can no longer run urea cycle to get rid of excess ammonia

-treatment of disease involves eliminating excess ammonia -- this is accomplished with LACTULOSE

-another treatment option for hepatic encephlopathy is antibiotics
--decreasing amount of gut bacteria will decrease production of ammonia by those bacteria

Front 9

Lactulose

Back 9

-non-absorbable – broken down by gut bacteria to lactic acid

-this acidification of gut lumen leads to conversion of ammonia to ammonium ions – increases movement of ammonia from tissues into gut lumen

Front 10

Most important prognostic indicator in diagnosis of malignant melanoma

Back 10

-depth of lesion
--staging based on depth of invasion in mm.

-other criteria are the ABCDE criteria:
--asymmetry, border irregularlity, color, diameter, evolution

Front 11

Neisseria infections

-types and associated immune deficiency

Back 11

-disseminated gonorrhea infection
-->arthralgia, tenosynovitis, ulcerative rash

-Neisseria meningitidis = bacterial meningitis with associated rash

-patients with C5-C9 complement deficiency are at increased risk for Neisseria infections
--C5-C9 are final components of cascade responsible for membrane attack complex (MAC), which inserts holes in microbial membrane

-deficiency in C5-C9 increases risk for Neisseria infections