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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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2 types of competition |
Intraspecific: competition within the same specie Interspecific: competition between different specie |
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2 examples of alien nation |
1) water hyacinth Brought to north America and Africa Plant doubles it's population in two weeks It first blocks the sun then use up nutrients in the ecosystem 2) opossum~ native to southern United states (warmer temperature allows them to move northward) Compete with skunk and barn owls |
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What is an alien specie |
Specie from a different environment that gets introduce to a new environment (pin beetle) |
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What does an alien specie do |
They increase competition |
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Why is alien specie a problem |
They out compete other native specie for resources such as food and habitat |
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Define niche |
A job |
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What is an aquatic ecosystem |
Ecosystem made of water |
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3 zone in lake |
1) littoral zone Shore area Sun hits bottom of the lake Its warmer Plants grow here 2) limnetic Gets sunlight but not at the bottom Warmer but not as warm as littoral zone because it is bigger e 3)profundal zone No light, no plants and cold temperature No light, no plants and cold temperature |
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Factors effecting ecosystem |
1) chemicals in ecosystem (abiotic) .Amount of salt in lake .dissolved oxygen .minerals (calcium)
2) Temperature and sunlight (abiotic)
3)water pressure (abiotic) .deeper means more pressure
4) seasonal variations Winter: 3 layers epilimmion(1C) thermocouple (middle) Therpolimmion (4C)
Spring: 4C all the way through Water is stirred and dissolved oxygen reach the bottom turn over Summer: layer returns (epilimmion, thermocline, hypolimmion) Fall: same as spring (turn over |
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What is a Terrestrial ecosystem |
Ecosystem found on land |
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Define Biome |
Large geographical region with plant and animals that are adapted |
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Climate |
Is the average temperature over a long period of time |
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2 major biomes |
Boreal forest and grassland |
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4 Factored effecting terrestrial ecosystem |
Temperature:
Precipitation: rain snow
Light: sunlight received by the ecosystem
Soil: Litter: top layer contains grass and gives nutrients Topsoil: 2nd layer made of humus and rock for growing Subsoil: 3rd layer less humus not good for growing
Bedrock: 4th layer solid rocks nothing growing
Plants matter because they are the source of food in the ecosystem
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Boreal forest (tiara biomes) factors |
Plants: vociferous tree (ever green tree) Animals: dear and bears Temperature: hot and cold Percepitation: lots of snow Sunlight: canopy (lots of sunlight on top of the forest) Soil: permafrost ( soil is permanently frozen) |
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Muskeg ecosystem factors |
Plants are close to grown level Cold,less rain,more light,soil is wet |
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Grassland biomes (prairies ) |
Dears and prairie dogs (in danger) Grass and more grass Warmer temperature Less precipitation Lots of humus |
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Grassland biomes (deciduous forest) characteristics |
Deciduous trees (leaves fall of)
Moose and black bear Warmer then the tiaga More precipitation More sunlight Lots of humus |
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Changes in terrestrial ecosystem |
Forestry prctise (using trees for product we needs 3 method Slash and burn:clear then burn trees Clear cutting:cutting all trees Selective cutting: only certain tree
Effect of fire : creates biodiversity eliminates litter and pests |
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Difference between digiotrophic and eutrophic |
Digiotrophic: deep cold and few nutrients Eutrophic: shallow warmer and high nutrient level |
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5 categories of water pollutants |
Solid waste Disease causing organism Dissovled minerals (nitrogen) Thermal energy Organic chemical (pesticide oil) |
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Indicator of water quality |
Dissolved oxygen .more oxygen =more organisms Less population |
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Biological oxygen demand |
Oxygen needed by a d decomposer |
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What increases population |
Biotic potential (maximum # of offspring species can produce) .birth potential: maximum # per birth Capicity for survival: # of offspring that reach reproductive age Breathing frequence: # of time specie reproduce in a year Length of reproductive life: # of years they can reproduce |
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Decrease population |
Limiting factors: stops population from reaching biotic potential |
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2 types of limiting factors |
Density dependents: cause by population size (flu., little food) Density independents : not cause by population size (flood) |
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Range |
Where a specie can be found |
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Distribution |
Where are they usually found |
