Alh 2202 - 38 - Antibiotics Part 1

Front 1

A priority assessment of a patient on antibiotic therapy includes questioning the patient about

allergies.

Back 1

Antibiotic allergy is one of the most common drug allergies. They also have the potential to cause severe anaphylaxis and death.

Front 2

Which information will the nurse include in discharge teaching for a patient receiving doxycycline?

“Use sunscreen and protective clothing when outdoors.”

Back 2

Photosensitivity is a common side effect of doxycycline, a tetracycline antibiotic. Exposure to the sun can cause severe burns.

Front 3

If tetracycline is administered to children under 8 years of age, it can cause which adverse effect?

Permanent discoloration of the teeth

Back 3

Tetracycline is contraindicated in children under 8 years of age because it can cause permanent discoloration of the teeth.

Front 4

A patient who is allergic to penicillin is at increased risk for an allergy to which drug?

cefazolin sodium (Ancef)

Back 4

Patients who are allergic to penicillins have a fourfold to sixfold increased risk of allergy to other beta-lactam antibiotics. The incidence of cross-reactivity between cephalosporins and penicillins is reported to be between 1% and 18%.

Front 5

When planning care for a patient receiving a sulfonamide antibiotic, it is important for the nurse to perform which action?

Encourage fluid intake of 2000 to 3000 mL/day.

Back 5

Patients should be encouraged to drink plenty of fluids (2000 to 3000 mL/24 hours) to prevent drug-related crystalluria associated with sulfonamide antibiotics.

Front 6

When administering an NSAID and penicillin concurrently, displacement of the penicillin antibiotic from the protein-binding sites results in

increased free drug in blood.

Back 6

Drugs that are not bound to protein are free and thus active to exert their therapeutic (or toxic if too much free) effect.

Front 7

A condition that occurs when the normal flora are disturbed during antibiotic therapy is known as

superinfection.

Back 7

Antibiotic therapy can destroy the normal flora of the body, which normally would inhibit the overgrowth of fungi and yeast. When the normal flora are decreased, these organisms can overgrow and cause infections.

Front 8

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics can occur with which situations? (Select all that apply.)

Patients stop taking an antibiotic once they feel better.
Antibiotics are prescribed to treat a viral infection.

Back 8

.

Front 9

A patient prescribed azithromycin (Zithromax) expresses concern regarding gastrointestinal upset that he experienced when taking erythromycin. What is the nurse’s best response?

“This drug is like erythromycin but has less severe gastrointestinal side effects.”

Back 9

Azithromycin is one of the newest macrolide antibiotics. It has a longer duration of action, as well as fewer and less severe gastrointestinal side effects than erythromycin.

Front 10

In an effort to prevent superinfections of the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., from Clostridium difficile), the nurse will instruct patients to eat which foods?

Cultured dairy products such as yogurt

Back 10

The natural flora in the gastrointestinal tract may be killed off by antibiotics, leaving other bacteria such as Clostridium difficile to overgrow. This process may be prevented through consumption of probiotics (e.g., yogurt, buttermilk, kefir).

Front 11

Which statement best describes health care–associated infections?

They are defined as health care–acquired infections that the patient did not have or incubate before admission.

Back 11

Health care–associated infections occur in 5% to 10% of hospitalized patients and are very difficult to treat. They are incubated once the patient is admitted to a health care facility and are caused by germs that live within that environment.

Front 12

A patient with a known heart condition is scheduled to have dental treatment and is prescribed antibiotics prior to the dental treatment. What type of therapy is this considered?

Prophylactic therapy

Back 12

Prophylactic antibiotic therapy is used to prevent infections in individuals who are at high risk of development of an infection during or after a procedure. The antibiotics are given prior to the procedure for prophylactic treatment.

Front 13

Before applying povidone-iodine to a patient’s skin, the nurse should question the patient about allergies to

seafood.

Back 13

Seafood can be rich in iodine, and thus a patient allergic to seafood has a high risk for being allergic to povidone-iodine.