Alexis Funk, Computer Literacy, Tues/thurs

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Desktop Microcomputer:

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a small computer based on a microprocessor.

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Work Station:

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a desktop computer that is conventionally considered to be more powerful than a microcomputer

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Laptop or Notebook:

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a portable computer small enough to use on one's lap.

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Supercomputer:

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a mainframe computer that is among the largest, fastest, or most powerful of those available at a given time.

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Server:

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a computer that processes requests for HTML and other documents that are components of web pages.

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Handheld:

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compact enough to be used or operated while being held in the hand or hands: a hand-held video camera.

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Boot Process:

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bootstrapping is the process of starting up a computer from a halted or powered-down condition.

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Input:

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information that is created or collected and fed into the system.

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Binary code:

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the base 2 number system used by the computer composed by the digits 0 and 1.

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Data:

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facts used by a computer.

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Information:

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processed, stored, or transmitted data.

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Output:

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useful information that leaves the system: i.e. processed information.

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CPU:

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central processing unit; the part of a computer that interprets and executes instructions.

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Circuits:

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a) a closed path followed or capable or being followed by an electric current. b) a configuration of electrically or electro magnetically connected components or devices.

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Silicon chip:

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a small crystal of a silicon semiconductor fabricated to carry out a number of electronic functions in an integrated circuit.

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Pentium:

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the name given in Intel's P5 chip, the successor to the 80486. The name was chosen because of difficulties Intel had in trade marketing a number. It suggest the number five (implying 586) while (according to Intel) conveying a meaning of strength "like titanium." Among hackers, the plural is frequently 'pentia.'

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RAM:

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a memory device in which information can be accessed in any order.

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ROM:

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memory hardware that allows fast access to permanently stored data but prevents addition to or modification of the data.itB

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Bit:

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a fundamental unit of information having just two possible values, either binary digits 0 or 1.

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Byte:

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a sequence of adjacent bits, usually eight, operated on as a unity by a computer.

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Kilobyte:

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a unit of computer memory or data storage capacity equal to 1,024 bytes.

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Megabyte:

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a unit of computer memory or data storage capacity equal to 1,048,576 bytes.

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Gigabyte:

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a unit of computer memory or data storage capacity equal to 1,024 megabytes.

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Terabyte:

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a unit of computer memory or data storage capacity equal to 1,024 gigabytes.

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Storage devices:

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a hardware device, such as a hard or floppy disk, used to record and store data.

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Laser Printer:

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quality & faster.

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Hard Disk:

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a rigid magnetic disk mounted permanently in a drive unit.

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Floppy Disk:

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a small plastic magnetic disk enclosed in a stiff envelope with a radial slit; used to store data or programs for a microcomputer; "floppy disks are noted for their relatively slow speed, small capacity and low price."

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Write-protected:

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to modify (a file or disk) so that its data cannot be edited or erased.

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Formatted:

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the arrangement of data for storage or disposal or a method for achieving such an arrangement.

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CD-R:

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compact disc on which you can write only once and thereafter is read-only.

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CD-RW:

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compact disc- rewritable; you can write multiple times.

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Input Devices:

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any device used to input data into the computer. (keyboard, mouse, scanner, etc.)

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Output Devices:

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device used when reading/looking at output. (printer.)

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Pixels:

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the basic unit of the composition of an image on a television screen, computer monitor, or similar display.

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Peripheral Devices:

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devices connected by cable to the COPU of a computer; "disk drives and printers are important peripherals."

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Desktop:

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the screen background, icons and windows visible on the computer screen.

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Taskbar:

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a row of buttons or graphical controls on a computer screen that represents open programs among which the user can switch back and forth by slick on the appropriate one.

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Program:

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a series of commands and executable files that produce an expected result.

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Operating System Software:

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the master controller for all the activities that take place within a computer.

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Folder:

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location; a physical media; where data is stored.

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Multitasking:

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when the computer has two or more applications open at one time and the user switches back and forth.

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GUI (graphical user interface):

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graphics that will aid the user in accomplishing their task.

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Icons:

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small graphics, which when clicked runs a program, executes a command, or opens a document.

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Menus:

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a list or table of executable options.

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Application Software:

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spreadsheets, databases and word processing programs that perform a specific function.