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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Legal Definition for Blindness and Low Vision
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Acuity:
-Blindness: 20/200 or less in better eye -Low Vision: 20/70 to 20/200 (with correction) Field of vision: -Blindness: no greater than 20 degree |
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20/20 Blindness
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person with this vision sees at 20 feet what others with perfect vision (20/20) see at 200 feet
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Educational Definition of Blindness and Low Vision
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Blindness: need Braille to read and/or need to use aural methods
Low Vision: still read print with accommodations |
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Prevalence of Blindness and Low Vision
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1/10th as prevalent in school-age children compared to adults
One of the lest prevalent disabilities |
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Anatomy of the eye
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Light passes through various eye structures
Optic nerve changes the light to electrical signal Occipital lobe process the signal |
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Measurement of visual ability
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Snellen charts- very young children/ those who cannot read letters
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Refraction errors
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1. Myopia- near-sightedness
2. Hyperopia- far-sightedness 3. Astigmatism- blurry vision |
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Conditions affecting adults and children similarly
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1. Glaucoma- damage to optic nerve
2. Cataracts- clouding of lens 3. Diabetic retinopathy- blood flow to brain |
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Conditions that primarily affect children
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1. Retinitis pigmentosa (night blindness)
2. Cortical visual impairment (brain damage) 3. Retinopathy of prematurity (excessive O2) |
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Psychological and Behavioral Characteristics
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1. Early delays- conceptual, developmental, and motor
2. Orientation and Mobility- Doppler effect 3. Lower academic achievement 4. Social adjustment 5. Some engage in stereotypic behaviors- regulation/stimulation |
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Legal Definition for Blindness and Low Vision
|
Acuity:
-Blindness: 20/200 or less in better eye -Low Vision: 20/70 to 20/200 (with correction) Field of vision: -Blindness: no greater than 20 degree |
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|
20/20 Blindness
|
person with this vision sees at 20 feet what others with perfect vision (20/20) see at 200 feet
|
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|
Educational Definition of Blindness and Low Vision
|
Blindness: need Braille to read and/or need to use aural methods
Low Vision: still read print with accommodations |
|
|
Prevalence of Blindness and Low Vision
|
1/10th as prevalent in school-age children compared to adults
One of the lest prevalent disabilities |
|
|
Anatomy of the eye
|
Light passes through various eye structures
Optic nerve changes the light to electrical signal Occipital lobe process the signal |
|
|
Measurement of visual ability
|
Snellen charts- very young children/ those who cannot read letters
|
|
|
Refraction errors
|
1. Myopia- near-sightedness
2. Hyperopia- far-sightedness 3. Astigmatism- blurry vision |
|
|
Conditions affecting adults and children similarly
|
1. Glaucoma- damage to optic nerve
2. Cataracts- clouding of lens 3. Diabetic retinopathy- blood flow to brain |
|
|
Conditions that primarily affect children
|
1. Retinitis pigmentosa (night blindness)
2. Cortical visual impairment (brain damage) 3. Retinopathy of prematurity (excessive O2) |
|
|
Psychological and Behavioral Characteristics
|
1. Early delays- conceptual, developmental, and motor
2. Orientation and Mobility- Doppler effect 3. Lower academic achievement 4. Social adjustment 5. Some engage in stereotypic behaviors- regulation/stimulation |
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Educational Considerations
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1. Braille
2. Use of necessary sight- large print books, magnifying devices 3. Cane 4. Guide dogs- to alert of dangers, adults vs. children 5. Assistive technology 6. Human guides |
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Assessment
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Functional Vision Assessment
Curriculum Based Measurement |
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Service delivery
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Itinerant
Instruction and curriculum to meet needs (LRE &FAPE) |
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Early Intervention
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Facilitate interactions
Parent involvement |
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Transition considerations
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Can be very independent
Living skills Unemployment/ overqualified |
