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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Historically,. what were organisms grouped by?
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characteristics
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Who began the classification of living organisms and what two kingdoms did he classify them into
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Carolus Linnaeus began classifying organisms into the categories of animalia and vegetalia
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What is systematics?
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studying the diversity of life and its evolutionary relationships.
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What do Systematic Biologists do?
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identify, describe, name and classify organisms
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What does the three domain system form?
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Tree of Life
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Where does the tree of life begin and what are the three domains?
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Begins with the Universal Ancestor and then breaks down into bacteria, archaea and eukarya
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Phylogeny is what?
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(phylo= tribe geny= production)
the evolutionary history of a species or a group of species |
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What do phylogenetic trees identify?
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inferred relationships among species
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how are mitochondria, chloroplast and bacteria similar?
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size- 1-5
nuclear envelope present- no DNA molecule shape- circular Ribosomes- yes (bacterial like in M and C) Protein Synthesis- M and C make some of their own proteins and bacteria make all of their proteins Reproduction- binary fission |
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How does the binomial system identify organisms
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by a universally accepted scientific name
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Who popularized he two word (binomial) scheme of naming organisms?
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Carl Linnaeus
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What language are the name usually in?
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Greek or Latin
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What are the two areas that the binomial name is derrived from?
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the genus that teh organism belongs to and a specific epithet
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what is a specific epithat?
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a descriptor that further describes the genus name
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What are the particular characteristics used when writing a organisms forma name?
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First letter of genus is capitalized, epithat is lower cased, entire name is italicized or underlined. After the first time it is spelled out it can be abbreviated
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What are the common specific epithat used when bacteria are named?
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named after the individual discovering the bacteria
named after its shape named after an attribute of the microbe |
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What are the domains used to describe an organism?
Dumb Kids Playing Chess On Freeways Get Smashed |
Domain
Kingdom (All phylum would be placed together in a kingdom or domain) Phylum (classes are assembled together into a phylum) Class (Different orders may be placed together in a class) Order (families with similar characteristics) Family ( a collection of similar genera) Genus (several similar species) Species |
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Classification of Humans
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Domain- Eukarya (eucharyotic)
Kingdom- Animalia (animal) Phylum- Chordata (having a spinal cord) Class- Mammalia (mammal) Order- Primates (from primate) Family- Hominidae Genus- Homo Species- H. sapiens |
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What are the physical characteristics that are looked at for classification of a microorganism?
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staining reactions to determine shape size and arrangement of cells, Oxygen, pH and growth temperature requirements, spore forming ability, motility
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What are the major properties that biochemical tests are looking at?
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fermentation of carbohydrates, use of specific substrates, and the production of specific products or waste products
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What does a serological test do?
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antibodies are added to the bacteria to see if a reaction to the antibody is triggered.
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What is being tested during a Nucleic Acid test?
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The genetic makeup of an organisms by looking at the ribosomal RNA
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