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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A network that controls access to an extranet by encryption & authentication technology
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Virtual Private Network (VPN)
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A text file created by a Web site and stored on a visitor's hard drive.
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Cookie
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Cookeis store information about who the use is and what the user has done on the site. True/False
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True
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A procedure in which worksheet data are totaled both across and down. Then, the total of the horizontal totals is compared to the total of the vertical totals to ensure that the worksheet balances.
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Cross-Footing Balance test
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Controls that lock out one user to protect indicidual records from potential errors that could occur if two users attempted to update the same record simultaneously
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Concurrent Update Controls
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An edit check in which the characters in a field are examined to ensure they are of the correct field type (e.g., numeric data in numeric fields).
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Field Check
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The total of a dollar field, such as total sales, in a set of records. It is ususally generated manually from source documents prior to input and compared with machine-generated totals at each subsequent processing step. Any discrepancy may indicate a loss of records or errors in data transcription or processing.
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Financial Total
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the capability of a system to continue performing when there is a hardware failure
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Fault Tolerance
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an online date entry dcontrol in which the computer checks if all date requrired for a particular transaction have been entered by the user
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Completeness Tes (check)
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Any one of a series of points during a long processing run at which an exact copy of all the data values and status indicators of a program are captured. Shoud a system failure occur, the system could be backed up to the most recent checkpoint and processing could begin again at the checkpoint rather than at the beginning of the program.
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Checkpoint
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An input validation method that uses data entered into the system to retrieve and display other related information so the accuracy of the input data can be verified
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Closed-Loop Verification
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A digit in a data field that provides information about the other digits in the data field. It is used to check for errors or loss of characteres in the data fields as a result of data transfer operations.
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Check Digit
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If data are lost or erroneously changed, the fact that the check digit does not match the other data in the filed will signal that an error has occurred. True/False
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true
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The edit check in which a check digit is recalculated to verify that an error has not been made. this calculation can be made only on a data item that has a check digit.
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Check Digit Verification
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A location that provides everything necessary to quickly installcomputer equipment in the event of a disaster
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cold site
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An edit check to ensure that a numerical amount in a record does not exceed some predetermined limit
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Limit Check
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Copying only the data items that have changed since the last backup. This produces a set of incremental backup files, each containing the results of one day's transactions
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Incremental Backup
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The record of data input & data processing errors
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Error Log
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Sums of the instances of numerical items, calculated for a batch of documents. These totals are calculated prior to processing the batch & are compared w/machine-generated totals at each subsequent processing step to verify that the date was processed correctly
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Batch Totalsq
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Copying all changes made since the last full backup. thus, each new differential backup file contains the cumulative effects of all activity since the last full backup
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Differential backup
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An edit check that ensures the input data will fit into the assigned field
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Size check
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An edit check that verifies that the data in a fild have the appropriate arithmetic sign
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Sign check
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An edit check designed to verify that a data item falls within a certain predetermined range of acceptable values
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Range Check
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A total of the number of input documents in a prcess or the number of records processed at a given time.
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Record Count
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An edit check of the logical correctness of relationships among data items. For example, a journal entry that debits inventory & credits wages payable is not reasonable.
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Reasonableness Test
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The time by which the organization's information system must be available again following a disaster
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Recovery Time Objective (RTO)
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The processs of installing the backup copy of a data base of file for use in data processing.
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Restoration
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An edit check that determines if a batch of input data is in the proper numerical or alphabetical sequence
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Sequence Check
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A detailed log of every transaction entered in a system
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Transaction Log
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An error in which one digit of a number is written incorrectly (e.g., a "4" in the tens position transcribed as a "9," which would cause an error of 50 in the vaule of the nubmer).
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Transcription Error
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type of internal label that appears at the end of each file & serves as an indicator that the end of the file has been reached.
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Trailer Label (or Trailer Record)
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The trialer Lable Contains the batch totals calculated during input. true/false
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True
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An edit test in which an identification number or transaction code is compared with a table of valild identification numbers or codes maintained in computer memory
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Validity Check
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A total generated from values for a field that would not usually be totaled, such as customer account numbers. It is usually generated manually from source documents prior to input & compared with machine-generated totals at each subsequent processing step. Any discrepancy may incdicate a loss of records or errors in data transcription or processing.
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Hash total
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An online date entry control that uses the computer to control the data entry process. The system displays a request to the user for each required item of input data & then waits for an acceptable reponse before requesting the next required item.
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Prompting
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An online data entry control in which the computer displays a form on the screen & the user fills in the blanks on the form as needed.
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Preformatting
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An extra bit added to a byte & magnetized as needed to ensure that there is always an odd (or even) # of magnetized bits. The comptuer uses the odd (or even) parity cheme to check the accuracy of each item of data.
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Parity Bit
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As a computer reads or receives a set of characters, it verifies that there are the proper # of magnetized bits in each charachter received. If not, the corresponding character may contain an error.
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Parity Checking
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A hardware control that verifies transmitted data by having the receiving device send the message back to the sending device tso that the message received can be compared with the message sent.
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Echo Check
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Type of internal label that appears at the beginning of each file and containes the file name, expiration date, & other file identification information
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Header Record (or Header Label)
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An internal check that requires the balance of an account to be zero after all entries to it have been made.
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Zero-Balance Check
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An alternative power supply devicethatprotectsagainst the loss of power & fluctuationsin the power level by using battery power to enable the system to operate long enough to back up cirtical data & safely shut down
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Uninterruptible Power System (UPS)
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Completely operational data processing facility configured to meet the user's requirement that can be made available to a disaster-stricken organization on short notice
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Hot Site
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A copy of a database, master file, or software that is retained indefinitely as an historical record, usually to satisfy legal & regulatory requirements
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Archive
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An exact copy of the most current version of a database, file, or software program
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Backup
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The legnth of time between the last backup & the time that an incident occurred.
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Recovery Point Objective (RPO)
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The RPO represents the period of time for which management is willing to have to reenter, if possible, data about past transactions. True/False
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True
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A variation of the embedded audit module in which the auditor is notified of each transaction as it occurs by means of a message printed on the auditor's terminal.
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Real-Time Notification
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