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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Primary pollutants
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Pollutants that come directly from a stack.
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Secondary pollutants
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Pollutants that arise from atmospheric reactions and transformations of precursers.
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Isokinetic sampling
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Sample at same rate as stack flow.
Sample too fast you get lower concentration than actual. Sample too slow and get higher concentration than actual. |
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Box Model
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Assume that the air over a city is perfectly mixed so that the box is homogeneous.
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Gridded Model
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Used for modeling ozone (Urban Airshed Model)
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Source Oriented Models
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Best estimates of emission rates from various sources and of the meteorology to estimate conc. at downwind points.
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Receptor Oriented Models
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Examines the pollutants collected at one or more monitoring sites. Detailed analysis determines which sources contributed to the concentration at the receptor.
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Ideal air cleaner should have these features...
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Low cost
High efficiency No decline in efficiency over time. Continuous operation during work period. Normal mnx and disposal. |
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Filter efficiency...
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Increases as material collects on filter.
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Electrostatic precipitator efficiency...
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Increases with length.
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Cyclone efficiency...
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Up to a point, the efficiency and pressure drop with the flow rate.
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Settling chamber efficiency...
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Is low.
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Wet collectors
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Scrubber; used for gases and vapors. Efficiency increases with gas flow rate.
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Adsorption media
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Used for gases and vapors.
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Dynamic precipitator
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A combo fan and dust collection system. No pressure loss.
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Can a electrostatic precipitator be used for flammable gases?
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Nope.
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Gas Plumes:
Looping |
Turbulant condition.
High degree of turbulence. Occurs in daytime during intense solar heat. |
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Gas Plumes:
Coning |
Turbulant condition.
Nearly neutral thermal conditions. Cloud cover reduces thermal effects. |
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Gas Plumes:
Fanning |
Turbulant condition.
Occurs mostly at night when Earth's surface is cooler. |
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Gas Plumes:
Fumigating |
Unstable air below and stable above.
Sun heats the ground causing the unstable layer. Bottom of plume drifts down. |
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Gas Plumes:
Lofting |
Opposite of funigating.
Top of plume drifts upward. Late afternoon. Unstable layer above plume. |
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SARA Title III
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Community right to know Act of 1986.
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Major points of SARA Title III
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1. Emergency planning.
2. Community right to know. 3. Emissions inventory. 4. Miscellaneous. |
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Three basic shapes of particulates:
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1. Isometric
2. Platelets 3. Fibers |
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Primary source of SO2:
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Electricity production.
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